Généalogie and Heritage

Source: ÆTHELSTAN, son of ÆTHELFRITH & his wife Æthelgyth - Foundation for Medieval Genealogy

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Titre	ÆTHELSTAN, son of ÆTHELFRITH & his wife Æthelgyth - Foundation for Medieval Genealogy

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Chapter 2. EAST ANGLIA ÆTHELSTAN, son of ÆTHELFRITH & his wife Æthelgyth (-956 or after). "Æthelfritho, eius filius Ethelstanus dux" gave Wrington, given to his father by King Edward, to Glastonbury[49]. "Æthelstan dux" subscribed charters of Kings Athelstan and Edmund between 931 and 970[50]. Between 943 and 956, there were two subscribers "Æthelstan dux" in several charters[51], suggesting that there may have been two individuals of the same name during this period. The Chronicon Rameseiensis names "Æthelstan Halfkyng, quod est semirex"[52]. although Florence of Worcester does not name the parents of these brothers[53]. Ealdorman Æthelwold under his will dated [946/47] bequeathed land at Broadwater, Sussex and South Newton, Wiltshire to his brother Athelstan[54]. m ÆLFWYNN, daughter of --- (-8 Jul 983, bur Chateris, Cambridgeshire). The Chronicon Rameseiensis records that "Æthelstan Halfkyng, quod est semirex" married "Alfwen" adding that she was later the nurse of King Eadgar and that she later donated "villam de Westona" to the monastery[55]. The Genealogia Comitis Ailwini names “Alfwen” as wife of “Æthelstani Regis quidam dux Orientalium Anglorum, Æthelstanus halfkineg id est”, and in a later passage her death in 983, her donation of “Weston” to the monastery, and her burial “apud Chateriz”[56]. A manuscript relating to Chateris Monastery records that it was founded by “Alwen, le mere Aylwyn”[57]. The Libellus de Anniversariis of Ramsey Monastery records the death “VIII Id Jul” of “Alfwen soror nostra, mater Ailwini ducis, comitissa, quæ dedit Westune”[58]. Æthelstan & his wife had [six] children: 1. ÆTHELWOLD (-before 964, bur Ramsey, Huntingdonshire). The Chronicon Rameseiensis names "primus Æthelwoldus, secundus Alfwoldus, tertius Athelsinus, quartus Æthelwynus" as the four sons of "Æthelstan Halfkyng, quod est semirex"[59]. The Vita Oswaldi names Æthelstan as father of Æthelwine, Ælfwald, Æthelwald and Æthelwig[60]. Florence of Worcester names him and his three brothers without naming their parents[61]. Ealdorman of East Anglia 956. "Æthelwold dux" subscribed charters of Kings Edmund, Eadwig, and Edgar dated between 940 and 961[62]. In a charter of King Æthelred II, "Æthelwold" is recorded as the previous holder of land at Wylye, Wiltshire which the king then granted to Ælfgar, minister[63], although it is not certain that this was the same person. Simeon of Durham records the marriage of King Eadgar and "the daughter of Ordgar duke of Devonshire after the death of her husband Elfwold…duke of the East Angles" in 964[64]. The Genealogia Comitis Ailwini records the death in 971 of“Ethelwoldus comes, frater Ailwini” and his burial at Ramsey[65], although this date is inconsistent with his widow´s remarriage as shown below. [m firstly ---. There is no proof that Æthelwold had an earlier marriage. However, Ælfthryth must have considerably younger than her husband, who was already active in the administration of the country in 940, the earliest date when his name appears in subscription lists of charters, which makes an earlier marriage probable.] m [secondly] as her first husband, ÆLFTHRYTH, daughter of Ealdorman ORDGAR of Devon (Lydford Castle, Devon ([945]-Wherwell Abbey, Hampshire [999/1002], bur Wherwell Abbey). The Vita Oswaldi names Æthelwald as husband of Ælfthryth[66]. She married secondly ([965]) as his second wife, "the Peaceable" Edgar King of England. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records the marriage in 965 of King Edgar and Ælfthryth, stating that she was the daughter of ealdorman Ordgar[67]. Simeon of Durham records the marriage of King Eadgar and "the daughter ofOrdgar duke of Devonshire after the death of her husband Elfwold…duke of the East Angles" in 964[68]. Roger of Hoveden names her, her father and her first husband, when recording her second marriage[69]. Geoffrey Gaimar records a lengthy account of King Edgar having sent "Edelwoth" to woo "Estrueth la fille Orgar" on his behalf, and Æthelwold having married her without the king´s knowledge[70]. King Edgar granted land in Buckinghamshire to "Ælfgifu que mihi afinitate mundialis cruoris coniuncta" in 966[71]. "Ælfthryth regina" subscribed charters of King Edgar dated between 964 and 974[72]. William of Malmesbury recounts that King Edgar killed Ælfthryth's first husband to enable him to marry her[73]. She was crowned queen with her husband in 973, which was the first instance of the coronation of a queen in England. It was alleged that she was involved in the plot to kill her stepson so her own son could succeed as King[74]. "Ælfthryth regina" subscribed charters of King Æthelred II between 979 and983[75], and "Ælfthryth regis mater" between 981 and 999[76]. She became a nun at Wherwell Abbey, Hampshire in [985]. Her son King Æthelred II granted privileges to Wherwell Abbey in 1002 for the benefit of her soul[77]. 2. ÆLFWOLD (-14 Apr 990, bur Ramsey, Huntingdonshire). The Chronicon Rameseiensis names "primus Æthelwoldus, secundus Alfwoldus, tertius Athelsinus, quartus Æthelwynus" as the four sons of "Æthelstan Halfkyng, quod est semirex"[78]. The Vita Oswaldi names Æthelstan as father of Æthelwine, Ælfwald, Æthelwald and Æthelwig[79]. Florence of Worcester names him and his three brothers without naming their parents[80]. Florence of Worcester names him and his three brothers[81]. Florence of Worcesterrecords Ælfwold as "germanus" of Æthelwine, as well as his opposition to the expulsion of the monks from the Mercian monasteries in 975[82]. The Chronicon Rameseiensis records that "dux Ailwinus et eius frater Alfwoldus" defended the monasteries of EastAnglia[83]. The Genealogia Comitis Ailwini records the death in 990 of “Alfwoldus comes, frater Ailwini”, his donation of “Hotton et Witton, Rippon cum Wenigton, Bithern cum Elinton”, and his burial at Ramsey[84]. The Libellus de Anniversariis of Ramsey Monastery records the death “XVIII Kal Mai” of “Ailwoldus comes frater Ailwini ducis, qui dedit Hocton et Withon”[85]. m ÆTHELFLEDA, daughter of --- (-997, bur Ramsey, Huntingdonshire). The Chronicon Rameseiensis records that "Alfild" confirmed donations made by "vir meus Alfwoldus comes frater Ailwyni Aldermanni" and records that "Ædnotho filio filiæ meæ" was punished for mocking St Ivo[86]. The Genealogia Comitis Ailwini records the death in 997 of “Ethelfleda comitissa uxor Ethelwoldi fratris Ailwini” and her burial at Ramsey[87]. The Libellus de Anniversariis of Ramsey Monastery records the death “VI Id Sep” of “Ailflid comitissa, uxor Oswaldi fratris Ailwini ducis, quæ dedit Welinctune, et Weninctune, et Bitherne, et Riptun”[88]. It is suggested that these inconsistent entries should be interpreted as indicating that Æthelfleda was the wife of Ælfwold, but this is not beyond doubt. At any rate, it is incompatible with other primary source data for her to have been the wife of Æthelwold, Æthelwine´s first brother (see above). Ælfwold & his wife had one child: a) daughter . m ---. One child: i) ÆDNOTH . The Chronicon Rameseiensis records that "Alfild" confirmed donations made by "vir meus Alfwoldus comes frater Ailwyni Aldermanni" and records that "Ædnotho filio filiæ meæ" was punished for mocking St Ivo[89]. 3. ÆTHELSINE (-13 Oct 987, bur Ramsey, Huntingdonshire). The Chronicon Rameseiensis names "primus Æthelwoldus, secundus Alfwoldus, tertius Athelsinus, quartus Æthelwynus" as the four sons of "Æthelstan Halfkyng, quod est semirex"[90]. Florence of Worcester names him and his three brothers[91]. The Genealogia Comitis Ailwini records the death in 987 of “Ethelsinus frater Ailwini” and his burial at Ramsey[92]. The Libellus de Anniversariis of Ramsey Monastery records the death “III Id Oct” of “Ailsinus frater Æthelwini ducis”[93]. 4. ÆTHELWINE (-24 Apr [992/93], bur Ramsey, Huntingdonshire[94]). The Chronicon Rameseiensis names "primus Æthelwoldus, secundus Alfwoldus, tertius Athelsinus, quartus Æthelwynus" as the four sons of "Æthelstan Halfkyng, quod est semirex"[95]. The Vita Oswaldi names Æthelstan as father of Æthelwine, Ælfwald, Æthelwald and Æthelwig[96]. Florence of Worcester names him and his three brothers[97]. Ealdorman of East Anglia. "Æthelwine dux" subscribed charters for Kings Edgar, Edward and Æthelred II dated between 964 and 988[98]. The Genealogia Comitis Ailwini records that “sanctus Oswaldus et dux Ailwinus” constructed Ramsey Monastery in 969[99]. Florence of Worcester records that he opposed the expulsion of the monks from the Mercian monasteries founded by King Edgar after the king died in 975 and defended the monasteries[100]. The Chronicon Rameseiensis records that "dux Ailwinus et eius frater Alfwoldus" defended the monasteries of East Anglia[101]. The list of sureties for estates of Peterborough Abbey records that "Æthelsige the earl's uncle" was one of the sureties for gift by "Earl Æthelwine and Abbot Ealdulf"[102]. The Genealogia Comitis Ailwini records the death in 993 of “comes Ailwinus”[103]. The Libellus de Anniversariis of Ramsey Monastery records the death “VIII Kal Mai” of “Ailwinus comes fundator Ramesiensis monasterii”[104]. Florence of Worcester states that he "excelled his brothers in meekness, piety, goodness and justice"[105]. m firstly ÆTHELFLEDA, daughter of --- (-11 Oct 977). The Chronicon Rameseiensis records donations by "dux Ailwinus pater filiæ maritatæ", including land inherited from "pater Æthefledæ uxoris suæ"[106]. The Genealogia Comitis Ailwini records the death in 977 of “Ethelfleda comitissa uxor Ailwini prima” and her donation of “Saltreiam”[107]. The Libellus de Anniversariis of Ramsey Monastery records the death “V Id Oct” of “Ethelfleda uxor Ailwini ducis prima, quæ dedit Stivecle”[108]. m secondly ÆTHELGIFU, daughter of --- (-985). The Chronicon Rameseiensis records donations by "Athelgiva comitissa"[109]. The Genealogia C

Chapter 2. EAST ANGLIA

ÆTHELSTAN, son of ÆTHELFRITH & his wife Æthelgyth (-956 or after). "Æthelfritho, eius filius Ethelstanus dux" gave Wrington, given to his father by King Edward, to Glastonbury[49]. "Æthelstan dux" subscribed charters of Kings Athelstan and Edmund between 931 and 970[50]. Between 943 and 956, there were two subscribers "Æthelstan dux" in several charters[51], suggesting that there may have been two individuals of the same name during this period. The Chronicon Rameseiensis names "Æthelstan Halfkyng, quod est semirex"[52]. although Florence of Worcester does not name the parents of these brothers[53]. Ealdorman Æthelwold under his will dated [946/47] bequeathed land at Broadwater, Sussex and South Newton, Wiltshire to his brother Athelstan[54].

m ÆLFWYNN, daughter of --- (-8 Jul 983, bur Chateris, Cambridgeshire). The Chronicon Rameseiensis records that "Æthelstan Halfkyng, quod est semirex" married "Alfwen" adding that she was later the nurse of King Eadgar and that she later donated "villam de Westona" to the monastery[55]. The Genealogia Comitis Ailwini names “Alfwen” as wife of “Æthelstani Regis quidam dux Orientalium Anglorum, Æthelstanus halfkineg id est”, and in a later passage her death in 983, her donation of “Weston” to the monastery, and her burial “apud Chateriz”[56]. A manuscript relating to Chateris Monastery records that it was founded by “Alwen, le mere Aylwyn”[57]. The Libellus de Anniversariis of Ramsey Monastery records the death “VIII Id Jul” of “Alfwen soror nostra, mater Ailwini ducis, comitissa, quæ dedit Westune”[58].

Æthelstan & his wife had [six] children:

1. ÆTHELWOLD (-before 964, bur Ramsey, Huntingdonshire). The Chronicon Rameseiensis names "primus Æthelwoldus, secundus Alfwoldus, tertius Athelsinus, quartus Æthelwynus" as the four sons of "Æthelstan Halfkyng, quod est semirex"[59]. The Vita Oswaldi names Æthelstan as father of Æthelwine, Ælfwald, Æthelwald and Æthelwig[60]. Florence of Worcester names him and his three brothers without naming their parents[61]. Ealdorman of East Anglia 956. "Æthelwold dux" subscribed charters of Kings Edmund, Eadwig, and Edgar dated between 940 and 961[62]. In a charter of King Æthelred II, "Æthelwold" is recorded as the previous holder of land at Wylye, Wiltshire which the king then granted to Ælfgar, minister[63], although it is not certain that this was the same person. Simeon of Durham records the marriage of King Eadgar and "the daughter of Ordgar duke of Devonshire after the death of her husband Elfwold…duke of the East Angles" in 964[64]. The Genealogia Comitis Ailwini records the death in 971 of“Ethelwoldus comes, frater Ailwini” and his burial at Ramsey[65], although this date is inconsistent with his widow´s remarriage as shown below. [m firstly ---. There is no proof that Æthelwold had an earlier marriage. However, Ælfthryth must have considerably younger than her husband, who was already active in the administration of the country in 940, the earliest date when his name appears in subscription lists of charters, which makes an earlier marriage probable.] m [secondly] as her first husband, ÆLFTHRYTH, daughter of Ealdorman ORDGAR of Devon (Lydford Castle, Devon ([945]-Wherwell Abbey, Hampshire [999/1002], bur Wherwell Abbey). The Vita Oswaldi names Æthelwald as husband of Ælfthryth[66]. She married secondly ([965]) as his second wife, "the Peaceable" Edgar King of England. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records the marriage in 965 of King Edgar and Ælfthryth, stating that she was the daughter of ealdorman Ordgar[67]. Simeon of Durham records the marriage of King Eadgar and "the daughter ofOrdgar duke of Devonshire after the death of her husband Elfwold…duke of the East Angles" in 964[68]. Roger of Hoveden names her, her father and her first husband, when recording her second marriage[69]. Geoffrey Gaimar records a lengthy account of King Edgar having sent "Edelwoth" to woo "Estrueth la fille Orgar" on his behalf, and Æthelwold having married her without the king´s knowledge[70]. King Edgar granted land in Buckinghamshire to "Ælfgifu que mihi afinitate mundialis cruoris coniuncta" in 966[71]. "Ælfthryth regina" subscribed charters of King Edgar dated between 964 and 974[72]. William of Malmesbury recounts that King Edgar killed Ælfthryth's first husband to enable him to marry her[73]. She was crowned queen with her husband in 973, which was the first instance of the coronation of a queen in England. It was alleged that she was involved in the plot to kill her stepson so her own son could succeed as King[74]. "Ælfthryth regina" subscribed charters of King Æthelred II between 979 and983[75], and "Ælfthryth regis mater" between 981 and 999[76]. She became a nun at Wherwell Abbey, Hampshire in [985]. Her son King Æthelred II granted privileges to Wherwell Abbey in 1002 for the benefit of her soul[77].

2. ÆLFWOLD (-14 Apr 990, bur Ramsey, Huntingdonshire). The Chronicon Rameseiensis names "primus Æthelwoldus, secundus Alfwoldus, tertius Athelsinus, quartus Æthelwynus" as the four sons of "Æthelstan Halfkyng, quod est semirex"[78]. The Vita Oswaldi names Æthelstan as father of Æthelwine, Ælfwald, Æthelwald and Æthelwig[79]. Florence of Worcester names him and his three brothers without naming their parents[80]. Florence of Worcester names him and his three brothers[81]. Florence of Worcesterrecords Ælfwold as "germanus" of Æthelwine, as well as his opposition to the expulsion of the monks from the Mercian monasteries in 975[82]. The Chronicon Rameseiensis records that "dux Ailwinus et eius frater Alfwoldus" defended the monasteries of EastAnglia[83]. The Genealogia Comitis Ailwini records the death in 990 of “Alfwoldus comes, frater Ailwini”, his donation of “Hotton et Witton, Rippon cum Wenigton, Bithern cum Elinton”, and his burial at Ramsey[84]. The Libellus de Anniversariis of Ramsey Monastery records the death “XVIII Kal Mai” of “Ailwoldus comes frater Ailwini ducis, qui dedit Hocton et Withon”[85]. m ÆTHELFLEDA, daughter of --- (-997, bur Ramsey, Huntingdonshire). The Chronicon Rameseiensis records that "Alfild" confirmed donations made by "vir meus Alfwoldus comes frater Ailwyni Aldermanni" and records that "Ædnotho filio filiæ meæ" was punished for mocking St Ivo[86]. The Genealogia Comitis Ailwini records the death in 997 of “Ethelfleda comitissa uxor Ethelwoldi fratris Ailwini” and her burial at Ramsey[87]. The Libellus de Anniversariis of Ramsey Monastery records the death “VI Id Sep” of “Ailflid comitissa, uxor Oswaldi fratris Ailwini ducis, quæ dedit Welinctune, et Weninctune, et Bitherne, et Riptun”[88]. It is suggested that these inconsistent entries should be interpreted as indicating that Æthelfleda was the wife of Ælfwold, but this is not beyond doubt. At any rate, it is incompatible with other primary source data for her to have been the wife of Æthelwold, Æthelwine´s first brother (see above). Ælfwold & his wife had one child:

a) daughter . m ---. One child:

i) ÆDNOTH . The Chronicon Rameseiensis records that "Alfild" confirmed donations made by "vir meus Alfwoldus comes frater Ailwyni Aldermanni" and records that "Ædnotho filio filiæ meæ" was punished for mocking St Ivo[89].

3. ÆTHELSINE (-13 Oct 987, bur Ramsey, Huntingdonshire). The Chronicon Rameseiensis names "primus Æthelwoldus, secundus Alfwoldus, tertius Athelsinus, quartus Æthelwynus" as the four sons of "Æthelstan Halfkyng, quod est semirex"[90]. Florence of Worcester names him and his three brothers[91]. The Genealogia Comitis Ailwini records the death in 987 of “Ethelsinus frater Ailwini” and his burial at Ramsey[92]. The Libellus de Anniversariis of Ramsey Monastery records the death “III Id Oct” of “Ailsinus frater Æthelwini ducis”[93].

4. ÆTHELWINE (-24 Apr [992/93], bur Ramsey, Huntingdonshire[94]). The Chronicon Rameseiensis names "primus Æthelwoldus, secundus Alfwoldus, tertius Athelsinus, quartus Æthelwynus" as the four sons of "Æthelstan Halfkyng, quod est semirex"[95]. The Vita Oswaldi names Æthelstan as father of Æthelwine, Ælfwald, Æthelwald and Æthelwig[96]. Florence of Worcester names him and his three brothers[97]. Ealdorman of East Anglia. "Æthelwine dux" subscribed charters for Kings Edgar, Edward and Æthelred II dated between 964 and 988[98]. The Genealogia Comitis Ailwini records that “sanctus Oswaldus et dux Ailwinus” constructed Ramsey Monastery in 969[99]. Florence of Worcester records that he opposed the expulsion of the monks from the Mercian monasteries founded by King Edgar after the king died in 975 and defended the monasteries[100]. The Chronicon Rameseiensis records that "dux Ailwinus et eius frater Alfwoldus" defended the monasteries of East Anglia[101]. The list of sureties for estates of Peterborough Abbey records that "Æthelsige the earl's uncle" was one of the sureties for gift by "Earl Æthelwine and Abbot Ealdulf"[102]. The Genealogia Comitis Ailwini records the death in 993 of “comes Ailwinus”[103]. The Libellus de Anniversariis of Ramsey Monastery records the death “VIII Kal Mai” of “Ailwinus comes fundator Ramesiensis monasterii”[104]. Florence of Worcester states that he "excelled his brothers in meekness, piety, goodness and justice"[105]. m firstly ÆTHELFLEDA, daughter of --- (-11 Oct 977). The Chronicon Rameseiensis records donations by "dux Ailwinus pater filiæ maritatæ", including land inherited from "pater Æthefledæ uxoris suæ"[106]. The Genealogia Comitis Ailwini records the death in 977 of “Ethelfleda comitissa uxor Ailwini prima” and her donation of “Saltreiam”[107]. The Libellus de Anniversariis of Ramsey Monastery records the death “V Id Oct” of “Ethelfleda uxor Ailwini ducis prima, quæ dedit Stivecle”[108]. m secondly ÆTHELGIFU, daughter of --- (-985). The Chronicon Rameseiensis records donations by "Athelgiva comitissa"[109]. The Genealogia C