Généalogie and Heritage

Source: 'Counts of Flanders ORIGINS' - Foundation for Medieval Genealogy

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Type	Valeur
Titre	'Counts of Flanders ORIGINS' - Foundation for Medieval Genealogy

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BALDWIN I Margrave of Flanders CR002

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Chapter 1. COUNTS of FLANDERS [863]-1191 A. ORIGINS [LIDERIC, son of --- (-[808 or 817], bur Harlebeke). The existence of Lideric is unknown and, if he did exist, his origin uncertain. The Chronica Monasterii Sancti Bertini records that, when the Saracens came from Spain "ad Eudonis mandatum" (referring to Eudes Duke of Aquitaine, whose death is dated to [735]), "miles…iuvenis christianus partibus Ulixibone seu Portugallie, regia stirpe progenitus, Liedricus", from whom "Flandrie comites" descended, joined forces with Charles "Martel", maior domus of Austrasia and Neustria. The Chronica specifies that Lideric served under Charles "Martel" and his son Pepin King of the Franks, and that later he was given "terram Flandrie" by "Karolus Magnus"[17]. The Introduction to the MGH Scriptores edition of the Chronica dates the work to the third quarter of the 14th century and traces some of the earlier primary sources on which it is based[18]. There is no indication whether the passage recording the alleged Iberian origin of Lideric was based on an earlier source which has since disappeared. It is impossible to assess the accuracy of the report on the basis of this limited amount of information. If it is correct, Lideric would presumably have been of Visigothic ancestry. The death of the last Visigothic king in Iberia is dated to 711. There appears to be no record of later aristocratic families having established themselves along the western coast of the Iberian peninsula before the mid-9th century[19]. It is interesting to note that a root similar to "-ric" (in the name "Lideric") is reflected in the names of the later Iberian Visigothic kings Witeric, Recared and Recimir. Whatever the accuracy of the passage, there is clear chronological confusion about the events recorded in the Chronica, assuming that Lideric's date of death as shown above is accurate. The Annals of St Bavo record that "Lydricus comes Arlebeccensis comitatum Flandrie suscepit" in 794[20]. The Annals do not refer to Lideric's origin, although this is not surprising as they list most events in truncated form and with numerous long gaps in the chronology of events recorded. The Annals are, however, extremely selective in the non-ecclesiastical events they record. The reference to Lideric is the only direct report concerning a lay person between the start of the 8th century and 937, indicating how significant the event must have been considered in the monastic records, which in turn suggests that Lideric's existence may have been factual. Lambert's Genealogia Comitum Flandriæ, dated to the early 12th century, records that "Lidricus Harlebeccensis comes" occupied Flanders, finding it "empty, uncultivated and well-wooded", in 792[21]. The Cartulaire de Saint-Bertin records the death in 808 of "Lidericus Harlebecanus…prefectus", naming him first in the list of rulers of Flanders[22]. The Annales Formoselenses record the death in 817 of "Lidricus comes" and his burial at "Harlabecce"[23]. The Annales Blandinienses record the death in 836 of "Lidricus comes" specifying that he was buried at "Arlabeka"[24]. The last date falls well outside the likely period of Lideric's active career, which probably covered the later decades of the 8th century and the early 9th century, assuming that he existed at all. It is therefore probable that the event is misdated, or that the Annales Blandinienses intended to refer to Odacre, supposed grandson of Lideric.] m ---. The name and origin of the wife of Lideric are unknown. The Chronica Monasterii Sancti Bertini refers to the marriage of "miles…Liedricus" and "filiam Gerardi de Rossilione"[25], but as the existence of Gérard de Roussillon cannot be confirmed in other primary sources this appears to be pure invention. [Lideric & his wife had one child]: 1. [ENGUERRAND ([760/80]-825). The Genealogia Comitum Flandriæ Bertiniana, dated to the second decade of the 12th century, names "Ingelramnum" as son of "Lidricus Harlebeccensis comes"[26]. Lambert's Genealogia Comitum Flandriæ, also dated to the early 12th century, names "Ingelramnus comitem" as son of "Lidricus Harlebeccensis comes"[27]. The Chronica Monasterii Sancti Bertini names "Ingelramnum, militem probum et prudentem" as son of "miles…Liedricus" and his wife, noting that he succeeded his father in Flanders[28]. His wide birth date range shown above is estimated by working backwards from the estimated birth date range of his supposed grandson Count Baudouin I. The Cartulaire de Saint-Bertin records the death in 825 of "Engerranus Harlebecanus etiam saltuarius", naming him second in its list of rulers of Flanders (without the title count), although it does not specify that Lideric was his father[29]. Stewart Baldwin, in his detailed analysis of the alleged ancestors of Baudouin I Count of Flanders referred to in the Introduction to the present document, suggests that there is confusion between this Count Enguerrand and the Count Enguerrand who is named in several different contemporary sources between 853 and 875[30]. The editor of the MGH Scriptores series suggests that the later references "cannot be other than to the son of Lideric"[31]. However, this is impossible chronologically, assuming that the genealogy as set out in this document is correct. The only likely possibilities appear to be either that the earlier Enguerrand did not exist at all or that there were two individuals with the same name. The later Enguerrand and his family are shown in the document CAROLINGIAN NOBILITY. m ---. The name and origin of the wife of Enguerrand are unknown. Enguerrand & his wife had one child]: a) [ODACRE [Audacer/Odoscer] ([800/10]-837). The Genealogia Comitum Flandriæ Bertiniana, dated to the second decade of the 12th century, names "Audacrum" as son of "Ingelrannus"[32]. Lambert's Genealogia Comitum Flandriæ, also dated to the early 12th century, names "Audacer" as son of "Ingelramnus comitem"[33]. His birth date range is estimated on the basis of the estimated birth date range of his son. The Cartulaire de Saint-Bertin records the death in 837 of "Audacer item saltuarius", naming him third in its list of rulers of Flanders (without the title count), although it does not specify that Enguerrand was his father[34]. It is interesting to note that this list makes no mention of who ruled Flanders between the death of Odacre and the appointment of his son Baudouin as count. The Annales Blandinienses record the death in 836 of "Lidricus comes", specifying that he was buried at "Arlabeka"[35]. As mentioned above, it is unlikely that this entry refers to Lideric, assuming that it is correctly dated, and may be an error for Odacre.] m ---. The name and origin of the wife of Odacre are unknown. Odacre & his wife had [one] child: i) [BAUDOUIN ([830/37]-Arras 879, bur Abbaye de Saint-Bertin near Saint-Omer). The Genealogia Comitum Flandriæ Bertiniana, dated to the second decade of the 12th century, names "Balduinum Ferreum" as son of "Audacer"[36]. He was granted the “pagus Flandrensis” in 863, becoming known to later history as BAUDOUIN I “der Gute/Ferreus/der Eisenarme” Count of Flanders.] - see below, Part B. B. COUNTS of FLANDERS [863]-1128 BAUDOUIN, son of [ODACRE [Audacer or Odoscer] & his wife ---] ([830/37]-Arras 879, bur Abbaye de Saint-Bertin near Saint-Omer[39]). The Genealogia Comitum Flandriæ Bertiniana, dated to the second decade of the 12th century, names "Balduinum Ferreum" as son of "Audacer"[40]. The Genealogia Comitum Flandriæ names "Balduinum Ferreum" as son of "Audacer"[41]. He is named as son of Audacer in the list of counts of Flanders recorded in the Cartulaire de Saint-Bertin, which records his year of death and place of burial[42]. His birth date range is estimated on the assumption that he was a young adult at the time of his marriage, continues...see other record...

Chapter 1. COUNTS of FLANDERS [863]-1191

A. ORIGINS

[LIDERIC, son of --- (-[808 or 817], bur Harlebeke). The existence of Lideric is unknown and, if he did exist, his origin uncertain. The Chronica Monasterii Sancti Bertini records that, when the Saracens came from Spain "ad Eudonis mandatum" (referring to Eudes Duke of Aquitaine, whose death is dated to [735]), "miles…iuvenis christianus partibus Ulixibone seu Portugallie, regia stirpe progenitus, Liedricus", from whom "Flandrie comites" descended, joined forces with Charles "Martel", maior domus of Austrasia and Neustria. The Chronica specifies that Lideric served under Charles "Martel" and his son Pepin King of the Franks, and that later he was given "terram Flandrie" by "Karolus Magnus"[17]. The Introduction to the MGH Scriptores edition of the Chronica dates the work to the third quarter of the 14th century and traces some of the earlier primary sources on which it is based[18]. There is no indication whether the passage recording the alleged Iberian origin of Lideric was based on an earlier source which has since disappeared. It is impossible to assess the accuracy of the report on the basis of this limited amount of information. If it is correct, Lideric would presumably have been of Visigothic ancestry. The death of the last Visigothic king in Iberia is dated to 711. There appears to be no record of later aristocratic families having established themselves along the western coast of the Iberian peninsula before the mid-9th century[19]. It is interesting to note that a root similar to "-ric" (in the name "Lideric") is reflected in the names of the later Iberian Visigothic kings Witeric, Recared and Recimir. Whatever the accuracy of the passage, there is clear chronological confusion about the events recorded in the Chronica, assuming that Lideric's date of death as shown above is accurate. The Annals of St Bavo record that "Lydricus comes Arlebeccensis comitatum Flandrie suscepit" in 794[20]. The Annals do not refer to Lideric's origin, although this is not surprising as they list most events in truncated form and with numerous long gaps in the chronology of events recorded. The Annals are, however, extremely selective in the non-ecclesiastical events they record. The reference to Lideric is the only direct report concerning a lay person between the start of the 8th century and 937, indicating how significant the event must have been considered in the monastic records, which in turn suggests that Lideric's existence may have been factual. Lambert's Genealogia Comitum Flandriæ, dated to the early 12th century, records that "Lidricus Harlebeccensis comes" occupied Flanders, finding it "empty, uncultivated and well-wooded", in 792[21]. The Cartulaire de Saint-Bertin records the death in 808 of "Lidericus Harlebecanus…prefectus", naming him first in the list of rulers of Flanders[22]. The Annales Formoselenses record the death in 817 of "Lidricus comes" and his burial at "Harlabecce"[23]. The Annales Blandinienses record the death in 836 of "Lidricus comes" specifying that he was buried at "Arlabeka"[24]. The last date falls well outside the likely period of Lideric's active career, which probably covered the later decades of the 8th century and the early 9th century, assuming that he existed at all. It is therefore probable that the event is misdated, or that the Annales Blandinienses intended to refer to Odacre, supposed grandson of Lideric.]

m ---. The name and origin of the wife of Lideric are unknown. The Chronica Monasterii Sancti Bertini refers to the marriage of "miles…Liedricus" and "filiam Gerardi de Rossilione"[25], but as the existence of Gérard de Roussillon cannot be confirmed in other primary sources this appears to be pure invention.

[Lideric & his wife had one child]:

1. [ENGUERRAND ([760/80]-825). The Genealogia Comitum Flandriæ Bertiniana, dated to the second decade of the 12th century, names "Ingelramnum" as son of "Lidricus Harlebeccensis comes"[26]. Lambert's Genealogia Comitum Flandriæ, also dated to the early 12th century, names "Ingelramnus comitem" as son of "Lidricus Harlebeccensis comes"[27]. The Chronica Monasterii Sancti Bertini names "Ingelramnum, militem probum et prudentem" as son of "miles…Liedricus" and his wife, noting that he succeeded his father in Flanders[28]. His wide birth date range shown above is estimated by working backwards from the estimated birth date range of his supposed grandson Count Baudouin I. The Cartulaire de Saint-Bertin records the death in 825 of "Engerranus Harlebecanus etiam saltuarius", naming him second in its list of rulers of Flanders (without the title count), although it does not specify that Lideric was his father[29]. Stewart Baldwin, in his detailed analysis of the alleged ancestors of Baudouin I Count of Flanders referred to in the Introduction to the present document, suggests that there is confusion between this Count Enguerrand and the Count Enguerrand who is named in several different contemporary sources between 853 and 875[30]. The editor of the MGH Scriptores series suggests that the later references "cannot be other than to the son of Lideric"[31]. However, this is impossible chronologically, assuming that the genealogy as set out in this document is correct. The only likely possibilities appear to be either that the earlier Enguerrand did not exist at all or that there were two individuals with the same name. The later Enguerrand and his family are shown in the document CAROLINGIAN NOBILITY. m ---. The name and origin of the wife of Enguerrand are unknown. Enguerrand & his wife had one child]:

a) [ODACRE [Audacer/Odoscer] ([800/10]-837). The Genealogia Comitum Flandriæ Bertiniana, dated to the second decade of the 12th century, names "Audacrum" as son of "Ingelrannus"[32]. Lambert's Genealogia Comitum Flandriæ, also dated to the early 12th century, names "Audacer" as son of "Ingelramnus comitem"[33]. His birth date range is estimated on the basis of the estimated birth date range of his son. The Cartulaire de Saint-Bertin records the death in 837 of "Audacer item saltuarius", naming him third in its list of rulers of Flanders (without the title count), although it does not specify that Enguerrand was his father[34]. It is interesting to note that this list makes no mention of who ruled Flanders between the death of Odacre and the appointment of his son Baudouin as count. The Annales Blandinienses record the death in 836 of "Lidricus comes", specifying that he was buried at "Arlabeka"[35]. As mentioned above, it is unlikely that this entry refers to Lideric, assuming that it is correctly dated, and may be an error for Odacre.] m ---. The name and origin of the wife of Odacre are unknown. Odacre & his wife had [one] child:

i) [BAUDOUIN ([830/37]-Arras 879, bur Abbaye de Saint-Bertin near Saint-Omer). The Genealogia Comitum Flandriæ Bertiniana, dated to the second decade of the 12th century, names "Balduinum Ferreum" as son of "Audacer"[36]. He was granted the “pagus Flandrensis” in 863, becoming known to later history as BAUDOUIN I “der Gute/Ferreus/der Eisenarme” Count of Flanders.]

- see below, Part B.

B. COUNTS of FLANDERS [863]-1128

BAUDOUIN, son of [ODACRE [Audacer or Odoscer] & his wife ---] ([830/37]-Arras 879, bur Abbaye de Saint-Bertin near Saint-Omer[39]). The Genealogia Comitum Flandriæ Bertiniana, dated to the second decade of the 12th century, names "Balduinum Ferreum" as son of "Audacer"[40]. The Genealogia Comitum Flandriæ names "Balduinum Ferreum" as son of "Audacer"[41]. He is named as son of Audacer in the list of counts of Flanders recorded in the Cartulaire de Saint-Bertin, which records his year of death and place of burial[42]. His birth date range is estimated on the assumption that he was a young adult at the time of his marriage, continues...see other record...