Généalogie and Heritage

Source: EALDGYTH of Mercia, daughter of ÆLFGAR Earl of Mercia - Foundation for Medieval Genealogy

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Type	Valeur
Titre	EALDGYTH of Mercia, daughter of ÆLFGAR Earl of Mercia - Foundation for Medieval Genealogy

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LEOFRIC, son of LEOFWINE Ealdorman [of the Hwicce] in Mercia & his wife --- (-Bromley 30 Oct 1057, bur Coventry[327]). The Genealogia Fundatoris of Coventry Monastery names “Leofricum postea comitem, et Edwinum occisum per Walenses, et Normannum occisum cum Edrico duce Merciorum per Cnutonem regem” as sons of “Leofwinus comes Leicestriæ”[328]. Simeon of Durham records that King Canute appointed "Leofric" as Ealdorman [Earl] of Mercia after his brother Northman was killed in 1017[329], although this was apparently during the lifetime of their father. He and his wife founded the abbey of Coventry in 1043[330]. “Leofricus comes” founded the monastery of Coventry by undated charter[331]. ”Leofricus comes…et conjux mea Godgyve” donated property to EveshamMonastery by undated charter which names “frater meus Normannus”[332]. m GODGIFU, sister of THOROLD de Bukenhale, Sheriff of Lincolnshire, daughter of --- (-after [1054/57]). She is named as wife of Earl Leofric by Florence of Worcester. ~ Leofric & his wife had one child: 1. ÆLFGAR (-[1062]). The Genealogia Fundatoris of Coventry Monastery names “Algarus tertius” as son of “Leofricus tertius”. Florence of Worcester records that he was created Earl of the East Angles in 1053, in succession to Harold, son of Godwin, who had succeeded his father as Earl of Wessex. Florence of Worcester also records that Ælfgar was banished in 1055 by King Edward "without any just cause of offence". He went to Ireland, then to Wales where he allied himself with Gruffydd ap Llywellyn King of Gwynedd and Powys, and invaded England, sacking Hereford in Oct 1055. He was reinstated in 1056 when Gruffydd accepted Edward's overlordship. Florence of Worcester records that Ælfgar was appointed to succeed his father in 1057 as Earl of Mercia, the earldom of the East Angles passing to Gyrth, son of Godwin. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records that in 1057 he was banished again, but Florence of Worcester states that he forced his restoration in 1058 with the help of Gruffydd and a Norwegian fleet. His death removed from the scene the only potential challenger to Harold Earl of Wessex. Orderic Vitalis records that “Elfgarus comes” had founded “Coventrense cœnobium” and that “Godiova...comitissa” donated “omnem thesaurum suum” to the church. m firstly ÆLFGIFU, daughter of MORCAR & his wife Ealdgyth ---. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m secondly ([1058]) --- of Gwynedd, daughter of GRUFFYDD ap Llywellyn Prince of Gwynedd and Powys & his first wife ---. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. Earl Ælfgar & his first wife had three children: a) EDWIN (-killed 1071). Orderic Vitalis names “Eduinum, Morcarum et unam filiam...Aldit” as the children of “Elfgarus comes” and “Godiova...comitissa”. The Genealogia Fundatoris of Coventry Monastery names “Edwinum et Morcar postea comites” as sons of “Algarus tertius”. He succeeded his father in 1062 as Earl of Mercia. With support from his brother, he expelled Tostig, son of Godwin, from Lindsay in 1066. John of Worcester records that they at first supported the claim of Edgar Atheling to succeed Harold II as King of England after the battle of Hastings, but soon withdrew their armies and swore allegiance to King William I at Berkhamsted. Orderic Vitalis records that, after King Harold was killed, “Stigandus Cantuarensis archiepiscopus etpræclari comites Eduinus et Morcarus aliique primates Anglorum” who were not present at “Senlacio bello” established “Edgarum Clitonem filium Eduardi regis Hunorum, filii Edmundi Irneside” as king, but renouncing Edgar (“Edgarum abrogantes”) they and Edgar made peace with Guillaume II Duke of Normandy. Orderic Vitalis records that “Edwinus et Morcarus filii Ælfgari comitis...Coxo comes...Siwardus et Aldredus filii Ædelgari pronepotes regis, Edricus...cognomento Guilda id est sylvaticus nepos Edrici pestiferi ducis cognomento Streone id est adquisitoris” made peace with William I King of England, dated to 1067. Florence of Worcester records that "…comites Edwinum et Morkarum…" went with King William to Normandy 21 Feb [1067]. Orderic Vitalis records that “Stigandum archipræsulem, Edgarum Adelinum Eduardi regis consobrinum et tres...comites: Eduinum, Morcarum et Guallevum, Egelnodum quoque Cantuariensem satrapam” accompanied King William to Normandy, dated to 1067 from the context. They rebelled against William in 1068, leaving court for Yorkshire, but were soon brought to submission: Orderic Vitalis records that “juvenes Eduinus et Morcarus filii Elfgari comitis” rebelled against King William in 1068, triggered because the king had promised “filiam suam” in marriage to Edwin but reneged on the promise, recording in a later passage their capitulation. Orderic Vitalis records that King William besieged “comitem Morcarum” in “Eliensi insula”, but captured him and imprisoned him for life under the guardianship of “Rogerii oppidani Belmontis”, whereupon “juvenis Eduinus comes” sought help for six months from “Scotis et Guallis vel Anglis” but was betrayed by three servants and killed, dated to 1071. Florence of Worcester records that "comites Edwinus et Morkarus" rebelled against King William in [1071], and that Edwin was killed. b) MORCAR (-after 1087). Orderic Vitalis names “Eduinum, Morcarum et unam filiam...Aldit” as the children of “Elfgarus comes” and “Godiova...comitissa”. The Genealogia Fundatoris of Coventry Monastery names “Edwinum et Morcar postea comites” as sons of “Algarus tertius”. Snorre names “Earl Morukare”, although stating that he was the son of “Earl Gudin Ulfnadson” and “Earl Ulf´s sister Gyda”. He was chosen by the Northumbrians as Earl of Northumbria in 1065 to replace Tostig, son of Godwin Earlof Wessex. With support from his brother, he expelled Tostig, son of Godwin, from Lindsay in 1066. John of Worcester records that they at first supported the claim of Edgar Atheling to succeed Harold II as King of England after the battle of Hastings, but soon withdrew their armies and swore allegiance to King William I at Berkhamsted. Orderic Vitalis records that, after King Harold was killed, “Stigandus Cantuarensis archiepiscopus et præclari comites Eduinus et Morcarus aliique primates Anglorum” who were not present at “Senlacio bello” established “Edgarum Clitonem filium Eduardi regis Hunorum, filii Edmundi Irneside” as king, but renouncing Edgar they and Edgar made peace with Guillaume II Duke of Normandy. Orderic Vitalis records that “Edwinus et Morcarus filii Ælfgari comitis...Coxo comes...Siwardus et Aldredus filii Ædelgari pronepotes regis, Edricus...cognomento Guilda id est sylvaticus nepos Edrici pestiferi ducis cognomento Streone id est adquisitoris” made peace with William I King of England, dated to 1067. Florence of Worcester records that "…comites Edwinum et Morkarum…" went with King William to Normandy 21 Feb [1067]. Orderic Vitalis records that “Stigandum archipræsulem, Edgarum Adelinum Eduardi regis consobrinum et tres...comites:Eduinum, Morcarum et Guallevum, Egelnodum quoque Cantuariensem satrapam” accompanied King William to Normandy, dated to 1067 from the context. They rebelled against William in 1068, leaving court for Yorkshire, but were soon brought to submission: Orderic Vitalis records that “juvenes Eduinus et Morcarus filii Elfgari comitis” rebelled against King William in 1068, triggered because the king had promised “filiam suam” in marriage to Edwin but reneged on the promise, recording in a later passage their capitulation. Orderic Vitalis records that King William besieged “comitem Morcarum” in “Eliensi insula”, but captured him and imprisoned him for life under the guardianship of “Rogerii oppidani Belmontis”, dated to 1071. Orderic Vitalis states that Morcarjoined the resistance at Ely in 1071, but surrendered to the king. Florence of Worcester records that "comites Edwinus et Morkarus" rebelled against King William in [1071], and that "Morkarus…et Siwardus cognomento Barn" took refuge in Ely. Florence ofWorcester records that "comites Morkarum et Rogerum, Siwardum cognomento Barn, et Wlnothum regis Haroldi germanum" were released by King William on his deathbed in 1087. He was taken to England by King William II but placed in confinement again in Winchester. c) EALDGYTH. Florence of Worcester´s genealogies name "regina Aldgitha, comitis Ælfgari filia" as mother of King Harold´s son "Haroldum". Orderic Vitalis records that "Edwinus…et Morcarus comites, filii Algari…Edgivam sororem eorum" married firstly "Gritfridi…regis Guallorum" and secondly "Heraldo". In a later passage, the same source names her “Aldit”. Her parentage and marriage to King Harold are confirmed by Florence of Worcester who records that "earls Edwin and Morcar…sent off their sister Queen Elgitha to Chester" after the battle of Hastings. There is no source which pinpoints the date of Ealdgyth´s second marriage. Freeman suggests that the absence of any reference to his queen in the sources which record the circumstances of Harold´s accession and coronation may indicate that his marriage took place afterwards. If Harold's son Ulf was legitimate, the marriage would have taken place in the earlier part of the date range which is shown above. m firstly as his second wife, GRUFFYDD ap Llywellyn Prince of Gwynedd and Powys, son of LLYWELLYN ap Seisyll King of Gwynedd & his wife Angharad of Gwynedd (-killed Snowdonia 5 Aug 1063). m secondly ([1064/early 1066]) HAROLD Earl of Wessex, son of GODWIN Earl of Wessex & his wife Gytha of Denmark ([1022/25]-killed in battle Hastings 14 Oct 1066, bur [Waltham Abbey]). He succeeded in 1066 as HAROLD II King of England.

LEOFRIC, son of LEOFWINE Ealdorman [of the Hwicce] in Mercia & his wife --- (-Bromley 30 Oct 1057, bur Coventry[327]). The Genealogia Fundatoris of Coventry Monastery names “Leofricum postea comitem, et Edwinum occisum per Walenses, et Normannum occisum cum Edrico duce Merciorum per Cnutonem regem” as sons of “Leofwinus comes Leicestriæ”[328]. Simeon of Durham records that King Canute appointed "Leofric" as Ealdorman [Earl] of Mercia after his brother Northman was killed in 1017[329], although this was apparently during the lifetime of their father. He and his wife founded the abbey of Coventry in 1043[330]. “Leofricus comes” founded the monastery of Coventry by undated charter[331]. ”Leofricus comes…et conjux mea Godgyve” donated property to EveshamMonastery by undated charter which names “frater meus Normannus”[332].

m GODGIFU, sister of THOROLD de Bukenhale, Sheriff of Lincolnshire, daughter of --- (-after [1054/57]). She is named as wife of Earl Leofric by Florence of Worcester. ~
Leofric & his wife had one child:

1. ÆLFGAR (-[1062]). The Genealogia Fundatoris of Coventry Monastery names “Algarus tertius” as son of “Leofricus tertius”. Florence of Worcester records that he was created Earl of the East Angles in 1053, in succession to Harold, son of Godwin, who had succeeded his father as Earl of Wessex. Florence of Worcester also records that Ælfgar was banished in 1055 by King Edward "without any just cause of offence". He went to Ireland, then to Wales where he allied himself with Gruffydd ap Llywellyn King of Gwynedd and Powys, and invaded England, sacking Hereford in Oct 1055. He was reinstated in 1056 when Gruffydd accepted Edward's overlordship. Florence of Worcester records that Ælfgar was appointed to succeed his father in 1057 as Earl of Mercia, the earldom of the East Angles passing to Gyrth, son of Godwin. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle records that in 1057 he was banished again, but Florence of Worcester states that he forced his restoration in 1058 with the help of Gruffydd and a Norwegian fleet. His death removed from the scene the only potential challenger to Harold Earl of Wessex. Orderic Vitalis records that “Elfgarus comes” had founded “Coventrense cœnobium” and that “Godiova...comitissa” donated “omnem thesaurum suum” to the church. m firstly ÆLFGIFU, daughter of MORCAR & his wife Ealdgyth ---. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m secondly ([1058]) --- of Gwynedd, daughter of GRUFFYDD ap Llywellyn Prince of Gwynedd and Powys & his first wife ---. The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. Earl Ælfgar & his first wife had three children:

a) EDWIN (-killed 1071). Orderic Vitalis names “Eduinum, Morcarum et unam filiam...Aldit” as the children of “Elfgarus comes” and “Godiova...comitissa”. The Genealogia Fundatoris of Coventry Monastery names “Edwinum et Morcar postea comites” as sons of “Algarus tertius”. He succeeded his father in 1062 as Earl of Mercia. With support from his brother, he expelled Tostig, son of Godwin, from Lindsay in 1066. John of Worcester records that they at first supported the claim of Edgar Atheling to succeed Harold II as King of England after the battle of Hastings, but soon withdrew their armies and swore allegiance to King William I at Berkhamsted. Orderic Vitalis records that, after King Harold was killed, “Stigandus Cantuarensis archiepiscopus etpræclari comites Eduinus et Morcarus aliique primates Anglorum” who were not present at “Senlacio bello” established “Edgarum Clitonem filium Eduardi regis Hunorum, filii Edmundi Irneside” as king, but renouncing Edgar (“Edgarum abrogantes”) they and Edgar made peace with Guillaume II Duke of Normandy. Orderic Vitalis records that “Edwinus et Morcarus filii Ælfgari comitis...Coxo comes...Siwardus et Aldredus filii Ædelgari pronepotes regis, Edricus...cognomento Guilda id est sylvaticus nepos Edrici pestiferi ducis cognomento Streone id est adquisitoris” made peace with William I King of England, dated to 1067. Florence of Worcester records that "…comites Edwinum et Morkarum…" went with King William to Normandy 21 Feb [1067]. Orderic Vitalis records that “Stigandum archipræsulem, Edgarum Adelinum Eduardi regis consobrinum et tres...comites: Eduinum, Morcarum et Guallevum, Egelnodum quoque Cantuariensem satrapam” accompanied King William to Normandy, dated to 1067 from the context. They rebelled against William in 1068, leaving court for Yorkshire, but were soon brought to submission: Orderic Vitalis records that “juvenes Eduinus et Morcarus filii Elfgari comitis” rebelled against King William in 1068, triggered because the king had promised “filiam suam” in marriage to Edwin but reneged on the promise, recording in a later passage their capitulation. Orderic Vitalis records that King William besieged “comitem Morcarum” in “Eliensi insula”, but captured him and imprisoned him for life under the guardianship of “Rogerii oppidani Belmontis”, whereupon “juvenis Eduinus comes” sought help for six months from “Scotis et Guallis vel Anglis” but was betrayed by three servants and killed, dated to 1071. Florence of Worcester records that "comites Edwinus et Morkarus" rebelled against King William in [1071], and that Edwin was killed.

b) MORCAR (-after 1087). Orderic Vitalis names “Eduinum, Morcarum et unam filiam...Aldit” as the children of “Elfgarus comes” and “Godiova...comitissa”. The Genealogia Fundatoris of Coventry Monastery names “Edwinum et Morcar postea comites” as sons of “Algarus tertius”. Snorre names “Earl Morukare”, although stating that he was the son of “Earl Gudin Ulfnadson” and “Earl Ulf´s sister Gyda”. He was chosen by the Northumbrians as Earl of Northumbria in 1065 to replace Tostig, son of Godwin Earlof Wessex. With support from his brother, he expelled Tostig, son of Godwin, from Lindsay in 1066. John of Worcester records that they at first supported the claim of Edgar Atheling to succeed Harold II as King of England after the battle of Hastings, but soon withdrew their armies and swore allegiance to King William I at Berkhamsted. Orderic Vitalis records that, after King Harold was killed, “Stigandus Cantuarensis archiepiscopus et præclari comites Eduinus et Morcarus aliique primates Anglorum” who were not present at “Senlacio bello” established “Edgarum Clitonem filium Eduardi regis Hunorum, filii Edmundi Irneside” as king, but renouncing Edgar they and Edgar made peace with Guillaume II Duke of Normandy. Orderic Vitalis records that “Edwinus et Morcarus filii Ælfgari comitis...Coxo comes...Siwardus et Aldredus filii Ædelgari pronepotes regis, Edricus...cognomento Guilda id est sylvaticus nepos Edrici pestiferi ducis cognomento Streone id est adquisitoris” made peace with William I King of England, dated to 1067. Florence of Worcester records that "…comites Edwinum et Morkarum…" went with King William to Normandy 21 Feb [1067]. Orderic Vitalis records that “Stigandum archipræsulem, Edgarum Adelinum Eduardi regis consobrinum et tres...comites:Eduinum, Morcarum et Guallevum, Egelnodum quoque Cantuariensem satrapam” accompanied King William to Normandy, dated to 1067 from the context. They rebelled against William in 1068, leaving court for Yorkshire, but were soon brought to submission: Orderic Vitalis records that “juvenes Eduinus et Morcarus filii Elfgari comitis” rebelled against King William in 1068, triggered because the king had promised “filiam suam” in marriage to Edwin but reneged on the promise, recording in a later passage their capitulation. Orderic Vitalis records that King William besieged “comitem Morcarum” in “Eliensi insula”, but captured him and imprisoned him for life under the guardianship of “Rogerii oppidani Belmontis”, dated to 1071. Orderic Vitalis states that Morcarjoined the resistance at Ely in 1071, but surrendered to the king. Florence of Worcester records that "comites Edwinus et Morkarus" rebelled against King William in [1071], and that "Morkarus…et Siwardus cognomento Barn" took refuge in Ely. Florence ofWorcester records that "comites Morkarum et Rogerum, Siwardum cognomento Barn, et Wlnothum regis Haroldi germanum" were released by King William on his deathbed in 1087. He was taken to England by King William II but placed in confinement again in Winchester.

c) EALDGYTH. Florence of Worcester´s genealogies name "regina Aldgitha, comitis Ælfgari filia" as mother of King Harold´s son "Haroldum". Orderic Vitalis records that "Edwinus…et Morcarus comites, filii Algari…Edgivam sororem eorum" married firstly "Gritfridi…regis Guallorum" and secondly "Heraldo". In a later passage, the same source names her “Aldit”. Her parentage and marriage to King Harold are confirmed by Florence of Worcester who records that "earls Edwin and Morcar…sent off their sister Queen Elgitha to Chester" after the battle of Hastings. There is no source which pinpoints the date of Ealdgyth´s second marriage. Freeman suggests that the absence of any reference to his queen in the sources which record the circumstances of Harold´s accession and coronation may indicate that his marriage took place afterwards. If Harold's son Ulf was legitimate, the marriage would have taken place in the earlier part of the date range which is shown above. m firstly as his second wife, GRUFFYDD ap Llywellyn Prince of Gwynedd and Powys, son of LLYWELLYN ap Seisyll King of Gwynedd & his wife Angharad of Gwynedd (-killed Snowdonia 5 Aug 1063). m secondly ([1064/early 1066]) HAROLD Earl of Wessex, son of GODWIN Earl of Wessex & his wife Gytha of Denmark ([1022/25]-killed in battle Hastings 14 Oct 1066, bur [Waltham Abbey]). He succeeded in 1066 as HAROLD II King of England.