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Source: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy: EARLS of HUNTINGDON 1070-1075 (family of WALTHEOF of NORTHUMBRIA)

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Titre	Foundation for Medieval Genealogy: EARLS of HUNTINGDON 1070-1075 (family of WALTHEOF of NORTHUMBRIA)

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Chapter 3. HUNTINGDON The earldom of Huntingdon was linked to Northampton from the 11th century and both enjoyed a special connection with Northumberland. Huntingdon appears to have been part of the domains held by Harold Godwinson (later Harold II King of England) in 1051 but was granted soon afterwards to Siward Earl of Northumbria (see ANGLO-SAXON NOBILITY). When Earl Siward died in 1055, the earldom of Northampton was granted, with Northumbria, to Tostig Godwinson. Waltheof, son of Earl Siward, became Earl of Huntingdonand Northampton in succession to Earl Tostig after the latter was banished in Oct 1065. While no evidence has been found which confirms that Waltheof opposed the Norman conquest, he was taken to Normandy in 1067 when his earldom was presumably forfeited. He submitted to William I King of England in Jan 1070 and his earldom returned, this being the only example of a pre-conquest earldom being restored to the non-Norman pre-conquest holder of the title. The earldom was presumably forfeited again after Earl Waltheof's rebellion in 1075, but was restored in favour of his son-in-law Simon de Senlis in [1087/90], although the Complete Peerage cites no evidence for the grant[652]. The earldom passed to David I King of Scotland when he married Earl Simon's widow in 1113, passing over the legitimate heir who was Earl Simon's infant son, and to King David's son Henry in 1136. The Northumberland connection was reinforced when King Stephen alienated Huntingdon to David I King of Scotland as part of the peace treaty between the two countries in 1139 which followed the battle of the Standard. Empress Matilda's [1142] charter to Aubrey de Vere, concerning his own elevation to the peerage, suggests that Cambridgeshire was also considered within the same sphere ofinfluence as Huntingdon, as she accorded the earldom of Cambridgeshire to Aubrey "unless that county were held by the King of the Scots." In addition, David of Scotland Earl of Huntingdon was recognised as Earl of Cambridge by receiving the third penny of the county on 23 May 1205. During the English civil war between King Stephen and Empress Matilda, the king of Scotland supported the latter and it appears that the earldom was forfeited yet again. In [1140/41], Simon de Senlis, son of the earlier Earl Simon, was created Earl of Huntingdon and Northampton by King Stephen, regularising the succession to the earldom. The rightful heir was by-passed a second time in 1157 when Henry II King of England granted the earldom to Malcolm IV King of Scotland. Simon de Senlis was recognised as earl in 1174, but after his death in 1185 the earldom passed once more to the Scottish royal family. A. EARLS of HUNTINGDON 1070-1075 (family of WALTHEOF of NORTHUMBRIA) WALTHEOF, son of SIWARD Earl of Northumbria & his wife Ælfled of Northumbria (-executed St Giles's Hill, Winchester 31 May 1076, bur Crowland Abbey). His parentage is recorded by Roger of Hoveden. Matthew Paris specifies that he was the son of Siward, of Danish origin]. Snorre names "Earl Valthiof," although stating that he was the son of "Earl Gudin Ulfnadson" and "Earl Ulf’s sister Gyda." He was installed as Earl of Huntingdon and Northamptonshire after Tostig Godwinson was banished in Oct 1065. Snorre recounts that "Earl Morukare and…Earl Valthiof" failed to prevent Harald III King of Norway after landing on the river Humber in 1066 in a battle "upon the Wednesday next Mathias’ day," adding that "Earl Valthiof…fled up to the castle of York." Snorre also recounts that "Earl Valthiof" took part in the battle of Hastings and "escaped by flight," seriously condensing his account of Waltheof’s subsequent career when he adds that King William "sent a message to Earl Valthiof that they should be reconciled" but that he was captured "at a heath north of Kastala-bryggia…put…in fetters and afterwards he was beheaded," Snorre’s narrative includes two fragments of a poem in praise of Waltheof, presumably written contemporarily with Waltheof’s life. Jonathan Allen suggests that Waltheof himself may have patronized an Icelandic skald (court poet) whose work was eventually passed through to Snorre, providing interesting evidence of the persistence of Scandinavian culture in England in the second half of the 11th century. Florence of Worcester records that "Waltheofum Siwardi ducis filius" went with King William to Normandy 21 Feb [1067]. Orderic Vitalis records that "Stigandum archipræsulem, Edgarum Adelinum Eduardi regis consobrinum et tres...comites: Eduinum, Morcarum et Guallevum, Egelnodum quoque Cantuariensem satrapam" accompanied King William to Normandy, dated to 1067 from the context. Orderic Vitalis records that "Suenus rex Danorum" sent a fleet led by "duos...filios suos et Osbernum fratrem suum"to attack England, that they were repulsed at Dover, Sandwich and Ipswich, and at Norwich by "Radulfus de Guader," that they were joined by "Adelinus, Guallevus, Siguardus" but defeated on the Humber, entered York headed by "Guallevus...Gaius Patricius, Marius Suenus, Elnocinus, Archillus et quatuor filii Karoli" but were eventually expelled, dated to 1069, a later passage adding that "Guallevus præsens et Gaius Patricius absens" made peace with King William at the river Tees. Orderic Vitalis records that King William I granted "comitatum Northamtoniæ" to "Guallevo comiti filio Sivardi" and "Judith neptem suam" in marriage. Simeon of Durham records that "Waltheu the son of earl Siward…by Elfleda daughter of Earl Aldred" was installed as Earl of Northumberland after the earldom was confiscated from Gospatrick [in 1072]. Earl Waltheof joined the conspiracy of the Earls of Norfolk and Hereford against King William in 1075, repented and asked for the king's pardon, but was tried at Westminster at Christmas 1075, imprisoned at Winchester and, after the trial resumed there, beheaded. Florence of Worcester records that "comitumque Waltheofum" joined the conspiracy of William Earl of Hereford and Ralph Earl of Norfolk in [1074] but was tried and beheaded at Winchester the following year. m (1070) JUDITH de Lens, daughter of LAMBERT de Boulogne Comte de Lens & his wife Adelais de Normandie (1054-after 1086). Orderic Vitalis records that King William I granted "comitatum Northamtoniæ" to "Guallevo comiti filio Sivardi" and "Judith neptem suam" in marriage. A manuscript records that "Juditha comitissa…uxor Waldevi comitis Huntingdon, et neptis Gulielmi Conquestoris" founded Elstow priory. Her parentage is further clarified by the foundation charter of Saint-Martin d’Auchy narrates the church’s foundation by "Guerinfrido qui condidit castellum…Albamarla" and names "Engueranni consulis qui filius fuit Berte supradicti Guerinfridi filie et Adelidis comitisse uxoris sue sororis…Willelmi Regis Anglorum" and "Addelidis comitissa supradicti Engueranni et supradicte Adelidis filia…Judita comitissa domine supradicte filia." The Vita et Passio Waldevi Comitis records that "Waldevus" married "rex Willelmus…neptem suam Juettam filiam comitis Lamberti de Lens, sororem…Stephani comitis de Albemarlia."Orderic Vitalis records that "Judith uxoris suæ" betrayed "Guallevus comes" to the king in relation to the conspiracy with the earls of Hereford and Norfolk of which he was accused. Earl Waltheof & his wife had two children:

Chapter 3. HUNTINGDON

The earldom of Huntingdon was linked to Northampton from the 11th century and both enjoyed a special connection with Northumberland. Huntingdon appears to have been part of the domains held by Harold Godwinson (later Harold II King of England) in 1051 but was granted soon afterwards to Siward Earl of Northumbria (see ANGLO-SAXON NOBILITY). When Earl Siward died in 1055, the earldom of Northampton was granted, with Northumbria, to Tostig Godwinson. Waltheof, son of Earl Siward, became Earl of Huntingdonand Northampton in succession to Earl Tostig after the latter was banished in Oct 1065. While no evidence has been found which confirms that Waltheof opposed the Norman conquest, he was taken to Normandy in 1067 when his earldom was presumably forfeited. He submitted to William I King of England in Jan 1070 and his earldom returned, this being the only example of a pre-conquest earldom being restored to the non-Norman pre-conquest holder of the title. The earldom was presumably forfeited again after Earl Waltheof's rebellion in 1075, but was restored in favour of his son-in-law Simon de Senlis in [1087/90], although the Complete Peerage cites no evidence for the grant[652]. The earldom passed to David I King of Scotland when he married Earl Simon's widow in 1113, passing over the legitimate heir who was Earl Simon's infant son, and to King David's son Henry in 1136. The Northumberland connection was reinforced when King Stephen alienated Huntingdon to David I King of Scotland as part of the peace treaty between the two countries in 1139 which followed the battle of the Standard. Empress Matilda's [1142] charter to Aubrey de Vere, concerning his own elevation to the peerage, suggests that Cambridgeshire was also considered within the same sphere ofinfluence as Huntingdon, as she accorded the earldom of Cambridgeshire to Aubrey "unless that county were held by the King of the Scots." In addition, David of Scotland Earl of Huntingdon was recognised as Earl of Cambridge by receiving the third penny of the county on 23 May 1205. During the English civil war between King Stephen and Empress Matilda, the king of Scotland supported the latter and it appears that the earldom was forfeited yet again. In [1140/41], Simon de Senlis, son of the earlier Earl Simon, was created Earl of Huntingdon and Northampton by King Stephen, regularising the succession to the earldom. The rightful heir was by-passed a second time in 1157 when Henry II King of England granted the earldom to Malcolm IV King of Scotland. Simon de Senlis was recognised as earl in 1174, but after his death in 1185 the earldom passed once more to the Scottish royal family.

A. EARLS of HUNTINGDON 1070-1075 (family of WALTHEOF of NORTHUMBRIA)

WALTHEOF, son of SIWARD Earl of Northumbria & his wife Ælfled of Northumbria (-executed St Giles's Hill, Winchester 31 May 1076, bur Crowland Abbey). His parentage is recorded by Roger of Hoveden. Matthew Paris specifies that he was the son of Siward, of Danish origin]. Snorre names "Earl Valthiof," although stating that he was the son of "Earl Gudin Ulfnadson" and "Earl Ulf’s sister Gyda." He was installed as Earl of Huntingdon and Northamptonshire after Tostig Godwinson was banished in Oct 1065. Snorre recounts that "Earl Morukare and…Earl Valthiof" failed to prevent Harald III King of Norway after landing on the river Humber in 1066 in a battle "upon the Wednesday next Mathias’ day," adding that "Earl Valthiof…fled up to the castle of York." Snorre also recounts that "Earl Valthiof" took part in the battle of Hastings and "escaped by flight," seriously condensing his account of Waltheof’s subsequent career when he adds that King William "sent a message to Earl Valthiof that they should be reconciled" but that he was captured "at a heath north of Kastala-bryggia…put…in fetters and afterwards he was beheaded," Snorre’s narrative includes two fragments of a poem in praise of Waltheof, presumably written contemporarily with Waltheof’s life. Jonathan Allen suggests that Waltheof himself may have patronized an Icelandic skald (court poet) whose work was eventually passed through to Snorre, providing interesting evidence of the persistence of Scandinavian culture in England in the second half of the 11th century. Florence of Worcester records that "Waltheofum Siwardi ducis filius" went with King William to Normandy 21 Feb [1067]. Orderic Vitalis records that "Stigandum archipræsulem, Edgarum Adelinum Eduardi regis consobrinum et tres...comites: Eduinum, Morcarum et Guallevum, Egelnodum quoque Cantuariensem satrapam" accompanied King William to Normandy, dated to 1067 from the context. Orderic Vitalis records that "Suenus rex Danorum" sent a fleet led by "duos...filios suos et Osbernum fratrem suum"to attack England, that they were repulsed at Dover, Sandwich and Ipswich, and at Norwich by "Radulfus de Guader," that they were joined by "Adelinus, Guallevus, Siguardus" but defeated on the Humber, entered York headed by "Guallevus...Gaius Patricius, Marius Suenus, Elnocinus, Archillus et quatuor filii Karoli" but were eventually expelled, dated to 1069, a later passage adding that "Guallevus præsens et Gaius Patricius absens" made peace with King William at the river Tees. Orderic Vitalis records that King William I granted "comitatum Northamtoniæ" to "Guallevo comiti filio Sivardi" and "Judith neptem suam" in marriage. Simeon of Durham records that "Waltheu the son of earl Siward…by Elfleda daughter of Earl Aldred" was installed as Earl of Northumberland after the earldom was confiscated from Gospatrick [in 1072]. Earl Waltheof joined the conspiracy of the Earls of Norfolk and Hereford against King William in 1075, repented and asked for the king's pardon, but was tried at Westminster at Christmas 1075, imprisoned at Winchester and, after the trial resumed there, beheaded. Florence of Worcester records that "comitumque Waltheofum" joined the conspiracy of William Earl of Hereford and Ralph Earl of Norfolk in [1074] but was tried and beheaded at Winchester the following year.

m (1070) JUDITH de Lens, daughter of LAMBERT de Boulogne Comte de Lens & his wife Adelais de Normandie (1054-after 1086). Orderic Vitalis records that King William I granted "comitatum Northamtoniæ" to "Guallevo comiti filio Sivardi" and "Judith neptem suam" in marriage. A manuscript records that "Juditha comitissa…uxor Waldevi comitis Huntingdon, et neptis Gulielmi Conquestoris" founded Elstow priory. Her parentage is further clarified by the foundation charter of Saint-Martin d’Auchy narrates the church’s foundation by "Guerinfrido qui condidit castellum…Albamarla" and names "Engueranni consulis qui filius fuit Berte supradicti Guerinfridi filie et Adelidis comitisse uxoris sue sororis…Willelmi Regis Anglorum" and "Addelidis comitissa supradicti Engueranni et supradicte Adelidis filia…Judita comitissa domine supradicte filia." The Vita et Passio Waldevi Comitis records that "Waldevus" married "rex Willelmus…neptem suam Juettam filiam comitis Lamberti de Lens, sororem…Stephani comitis de Albemarlia."Orderic Vitalis records that "Judith uxoris suæ" betrayed "Guallevus comes" to the king in relation to the conspiracy with the earls of Hereford and Norfolk of which he was accused.

Earl Waltheof & his wife had two children: