Généalogie and Heritage

Source: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy

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Type	Valeur
Titre	Foundation for Medieval Genealogy

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ROBERT de Bruce I King of Scotland RB01

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ROBERT [VII] Bruce, son of ROBERT [VI] de Brus, Earl of Carrick, Lord of Annandale & his first wife Margaret Ctss of Carrick (Writtle, near Chelmsford, Essex 11 Jul 1274-Cardross Castle, Dumbartonshire 7 Jun 1329, bur Dunfermline Abbey, Fife). The Liber Pluscardensis records the birth in 1274 of "Robertus de Broys tercius…rex Scociæ futurus"[1082]. The manuscript history of the Bruce family of Carleton records that “Robertus Brus quintus…rex Scotiæ” succeeded “Robertus Brus quartus”[1083]. He succeeded his father 27 Oct 1292 as Earl of Carrick. He succeeded his father in 1304 as Baron Bruce and Lord of Annandale. Edward I King of England forfeited his English estates 20 Feb 1305/6. In defiance of Edward I King of England, he assumed the crown 25 or 27 Mar 1306 as ROBERT I King of Scotland, crowned 25 and 27 Mar 1306. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the coronation "VI Kal Apr" in 1306 of "Robertus de Bruce comes tunc de Carrick" at Scone[1084]. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the death "VII Id Jun…apud Cardros" in 1329 of "Robertus de Bruce rex Scotorum" in the twenty-fourth year of his reign[1085]. The Extracta ex Cronicis Scocie records the death "apud Cardross" of "Robertus de Broys rex Scotorum" and his burial "in medio chori de Dumfermling…VII Id Jun" in 1329[1086]. m firstly ([1295]) ISABEL of Mar, daughter of DONALD Earl of Mar & his wife Helen [of North Wales] (-before 1302). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records that "Robertus…rex, quuando fuit comes de Carric" married "Isabellam sororem Garthenai comitis de Marr"[1087]. m secondly (1302) ELIZABETH de Burgh, daughter of RICHARD de Burgh Earl of Ulster and Connaught & his wife Margaret de Burgh of Lavanley (-Cullen Castle, Banffshire 26 Oct 1327, bur Dunfermline Abbey, Fife). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records that "Robertus, adhuc comes" married "Elizabeth filiam Haymeri de Burkis comitis de Hullister" after the death of his first wife[1088]. The Chronicle of John of Fordun (Continuator - Annals) records that in 1306 "the queen" was captured by William Earl of Ross and "brought to the king of England and…kept a prisoner in close custody until the battle of Bannockburn"[1089]. Orders for the "farther…custody of the countesses of Carrick and Buchan, Marie and Christine the sisters, and Margerie the daughter, of Robert de Brus", specifying that "three of the ladies to be in kages", are dated 7 Nov 1306[1090]. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the death "VII Kal Nov" in 1327 of "domina Elizabeth regina, mater regis David" and her burial "in choro de Dunfermeling juxta regem Robertum sponsum suum"[1091]. The Liber Pluscardensis records the death in 1327 of "Elizabeth regina Scociæ mater David regis et uxor…Roberti de Broys" and her burial "apud Dunfermlyn"[1092]. The Extracta ex Cronicis Scocie records the death "VII Kal Nov" in 1327 of "Regina Elizabeitht, mater regis David de Broys" and her burial "in choro de Dumfermling iuxta Robertem regem et suum sponsum"[1093]. King Robert I & his first wife had one child: 1. MARJORY Bruce ([1296/97]-Paisley, Renfrewshire 2 Mar 1316, bur Paisley Abbey). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) names "Marjoriam" as the only daughter of "Robertus…rex, quuando fuit comes de Carric" and his wife "Isabellam sororem Garthenai comitis de Marr", adding that she married "Waltero senescallo Scotiæ"[1094]. Orders for the "farther…custody of the countesses of Carrick and Buchan, Marie and Christine the sisters, and Margerie the daughter, of Robert de Brus", specifying that "three of the ladies to be in kages", are dated 7 Nov 1306[1095]. The Liber Pluscardensis records that "nobilis Walteri Stevart" married "filiam Roberti de Broys"[1096]. She died in childbirth triggered by falling from her horse. m (1315) as his first wife, WALTER High Steward of Scotland, son of JAMES High Steward of Scotland & his [third] wife Egidia de Burgh ([1292]-9 Apr [1326/29]). Marjory & her husband had one child: a) ROBERT Stewart (Paisley, Renfrewshire 2 Mar 1316-Dundonald Castle, Ayrshire 19 Apr 1390, bur Scone Abbey, Perthshire). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) names "Robertum regem, secundum" as only son of "Marjoriam", daughter of "Robertus…rex, quuando fuit comes de Carric", and her husband "Waltero senescallo Scotiæ"[1097]. He succeeded his uncle in 1371 as ROBERT II King of Scotland. - see below, Chapter 5.B. KINGS of SCOTLAND, House of STEWART. King Robert I & his second wife had four children: 2. MARGARET Bruce (-in childbirth [30 Mar 1346/9 Nov 1347]). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) names "Matildem…et Margaritam" as the two daughters of "Robertus, adhuc comes" and his wife "Elizabeth filiam Haymeri de Burkis comitis de Hullister", adding that Margaret married "comiti Suthirlandiæ" by whom she had "unicum filium…Johannem", dying in childbirth[1098]. m (dispensation 1 Dec 1342, [3 Aug/28 Sep] 1345) as his first wife, WILLIAM Sutherland Earl of Sutherland, son of KENNETH Earl of Sutherland & his wife Mary [Marjory] of Mar (-[27 Feb 1370/Jun 1371]). The earldom of Sutherland was erected into a regality 10 Oct 1345, although this lapsed on the Earl's death without surviving issue from his first marriage. 3. MATILDA Bruce (-Aberdeen 30 Jul 1353, bur Dunfermline Abbey, Fife). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) names "Matildem…et Margaritam" as the two daughters of "Robertus, adhuc comes" and his wife "Elizabeth filiam Haymeri de Burkis comitis de Hullister", adding that Matilda "did nothing worth recording" and in a later passage that Matilda married "Thomæ Isak" by whom she had two daughters, "Johannam" who married "Johanni domini de Lorn" and had "filios et filias", and "Catherinam" who died "apud Strivelyn"[1099]. The same source in a later passage records the death "on the feast of the blessed virgin Margaret" in 1353 at Aberdeen of "Matilda of Bruce sister of the lord David king of Scotland" and her burial "at Dunfermline", adding that she married "a certain squire named Thomas Isaac" and had two daughters "Joan [wife of] John of Lorn, lord of that ilk, who of her begat sons and daughters, [and] Catherine" who died "at Strivelyn"[1100]. m THOMAS Isaac, son of ---. 4. DAVID Bruce (Dunfermline Palace, Fife 5 Mar 1324-Edinburgh Castle 22 Feb 1371, bur Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) names "David" as only son of "Robertus, adhuc comes" and his wife "Elizabeth filiam Haymeri de Burkis comitis de Hullister"[1101]. The Chronicle of John of Fordun (Continuator - Annals) records in a later passage his birth 5 Mar 1324 in "the monastery of Dunfermline"[1102]. He was created Earl of Carrick [17 Mar/17 Jul] 1328. He succeeded his father in 1329 as DAVID II King of Scotland, crowned 24 Nov 1331 at Scone Abbey, Perthshire. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the coronation "VIII Kal Dec…apud Sconam" in 1331 of "David rex Scotorum, filius et heres regis Roberti de Bruce" when eight years old[1103]. He was deposed by Edward Balliol Aug 1332 after the battle of Dupplin Moor, near Perth, but restored Dec 1332. Deposed again 1333, finally restored 1336. Taken prisoner at the battle of Neville's Cross 17 Oct 1346, and imprisoned in the Tower. The Chronicle of John of Fordun (Continuator - Annals) records the death in 1370 "on the Feast of St Peter’s Chair…at Edinburgh Castle" of "David Bruce king of Scotland" and his burial "in the monastery of Holyrood"[1104]. m firstly (Berwick-upon-Tweed 17 Jul 1328) JOAN of England, daughter of EDWARD II King of England & his wife Isabelle de France (Tower of London 5 Jul 1321-Hertford Castle 7 Sep 1362, bur Greyfriars Church, Newgate, London). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the marriage at Berwick 17 Jul 1328 of "David filius et heres regis Roberti de Bruce" and "sororem Eadwardi de Windesour, filiam Eadwardi de Carnarvan paulo ante defuncti"[1105]. Froissart names "Ysabel" as older daughter of King Edward II and his wife, adding that she married "au jone roy David d’Escoce, filz au roi Robert de Brus" and recording their marriage at Berwick in a later passage[1106]. She was crowned Queen Consort with her husband at Scone Abbey. Mistress (1): KATHERINE de Mortimer, daughter of --- (-1361). The Liber Pluscardensis records the death in 1361 of "concubinæ regis Katerinæ de Mortimar", adding that the king had neglected the queen for her[1107]. m secondly (Inchmurdach Manor, Fife or Inchmahone Priory, Perthshire Apr or Dec 1363, divorced 20 Mar 1370) as her second husband, MARGARET Drummond, widow of JOHN Logie of that Ilk, daughter of MALCOLM Drummond & his wife --- de Graham (-[Avignon] soon after 31 Jan 1375). The Chronicle of John of Fordun (Continuator - Annals) records the second marriage of "lord David king of Scotland" and "Margaret of Logie" at "Inchmurdach" in 1363[1108]. The Liber Pluscardensis records the marriage "apud Enchemarthow", dated to [1362/63] from the context, of King David and "Margaretam de Logi, filiam domini Malcolmi de Drummond" and their divorce without her consent "circa festum Carnis Brevii" in 1369[1109]. 5. JOHN (Oct 1327-young, bur Restennet Priory, Forfarshire). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified. King Robert I had [six] illegitimate children by unknown mistresses: 6. ROBERT (-killed in battle Dupplin 12 Aug 1332). Baron of Liddesdale. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records that "…Roberto de Bruce filio…regis Roberti…" were killed at Duplin Moor 11 Aug 1332 fighting Edward Balliol[1110]. 7. NEIL [Nigel] of Carrick (-killed in battle Durham 17 Oct 1346). 8. [ WALTER of Odistoun .] 9. CHRISTINA of Carrick (-after 1329). 10. MARGARET (-after 29

ROBERT [VII] Bruce, son of ROBERT [VI] de Brus, Earl of Carrick, Lord of Annandale & his first wife Margaret Ctss of Carrick (Writtle, near Chelmsford, Essex 11 Jul 1274-Cardross Castle, Dumbartonshire 7 Jun 1329, bur Dunfermline Abbey, Fife). The Liber Pluscardensis records the birth in 1274 of "Robertus de Broys tercius…rex Scociæ futurus"[1082]. The manuscript history of the Bruce family of Carleton records that “Robertus Brus quintus…rex Scotiæ” succeeded “Robertus Brus quartus”[1083]. He succeeded his father 27 Oct 1292 as Earl of Carrick. He succeeded his father in 1304 as Baron Bruce and Lord of Annandale. Edward I King of England forfeited his English estates 20 Feb 1305/6. In defiance of Edward I King of England, he assumed the crown 25 or 27 Mar 1306 as ROBERT I King of Scotland, crowned 25 and 27 Mar 1306. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the coronation "VI Kal Apr" in 1306 of "Robertus de Bruce comes tunc de Carrick" at Scone[1084]. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the death "VII Id Jun…apud Cardros" in 1329 of "Robertus de Bruce rex Scotorum" in the twenty-fourth year of his reign[1085]. The Extracta ex Cronicis Scocie records the death "apud Cardross" of "Robertus de Broys rex Scotorum" and his burial "in medio chori de Dumfermling…VII Id Jun" in 1329[1086].

m firstly ([1295]) ISABEL of Mar, daughter of DONALD Earl of Mar & his wife Helen [of North Wales] (-before 1302). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records that "Robertus…rex, quuando fuit comes de Carric" married "Isabellam sororem Garthenai comitis de Marr"[1087].

m secondly (1302) ELIZABETH de Burgh, daughter of RICHARD de Burgh Earl of Ulster and Connaught & his wife Margaret de Burgh of Lavanley (-Cullen Castle, Banffshire 26 Oct 1327, bur Dunfermline Abbey, Fife). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records that "Robertus, adhuc comes" married "Elizabeth filiam Haymeri de Burkis comitis de Hullister" after the death of his first wife[1088]. The Chronicle of John of Fordun (Continuator - Annals) records that in 1306 "the queen" was captured by William Earl of Ross and "brought to the king of England and…kept a prisoner in close custody until the battle of Bannockburn"[1089]. Orders for the "farther…custody of the countesses of Carrick and Buchan, Marie and Christine the sisters, and Margerie the daughter, of Robert de Brus", specifying that "three of the ladies to be in kages", are dated 7 Nov 1306[1090]. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the death "VII Kal Nov" in 1327 of "domina Elizabeth regina, mater regis David" and her burial "in choro de Dunfermeling juxta regem Robertum sponsum suum"[1091]. The Liber Pluscardensis records the death in 1327 of "Elizabeth regina Scociæ mater David regis et uxor…Roberti de Broys" and her burial "apud Dunfermlyn"[1092]. The Extracta ex Cronicis Scocie records the death "VII Kal Nov" in 1327 of "Regina Elizabeitht, mater regis David de Broys" and her burial "in choro de Dumfermling iuxta Robertem regem et suum sponsum"[1093].

King Robert I & his first wife had one child:

1. MARJORY Bruce ([1296/97]-Paisley, Renfrewshire 2 Mar 1316, bur Paisley Abbey). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) names "Marjoriam" as the only daughter of "Robertus…rex, quuando fuit comes de Carric" and his wife "Isabellam sororem Garthenai comitis de Marr", adding that she married "Waltero senescallo Scotiæ"[1094]. Orders for the "farther…custody of the countesses of Carrick and Buchan, Marie and Christine the sisters, and Margerie the daughter, of Robert de Brus", specifying that "three of the ladies to be in kages", are dated 7 Nov 1306[1095]. The Liber Pluscardensis records that "nobilis Walteri Stevart" married "filiam Roberti de Broys"[1096]. She died in childbirth triggered by falling from her horse. m (1315) as his first wife, WALTER High Steward of Scotland, son of JAMES High Steward of Scotland & his [third] wife Egidia de Burgh ([1292]-9 Apr [1326/29]). Marjory & her husband had one child:

a) ROBERT Stewart (Paisley, Renfrewshire 2 Mar 1316-Dundonald Castle, Ayrshire 19 Apr 1390, bur Scone Abbey, Perthshire). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) names "Robertum regem, secundum" as only son of "Marjoriam", daughter of "Robertus…rex, quuando fuit comes de Carric", and her husband "Waltero senescallo Scotiæ"[1097]. He succeeded his uncle in 1371 as ROBERT II King of Scotland.

- see below, Chapter 5.B. KINGS of SCOTLAND, House of STEWART.

King Robert I & his second wife had four children:

2. MARGARET Bruce (-in childbirth [30 Mar 1346/9 Nov 1347]). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) names "Matildem…et Margaritam" as the two daughters of "Robertus, adhuc comes" and his wife "Elizabeth filiam Haymeri de Burkis comitis de Hullister", adding that Margaret married "comiti Suthirlandiæ" by whom she had "unicum filium…Johannem", dying in childbirth[1098]. m (dispensation 1 Dec 1342, [3 Aug/28 Sep] 1345) as his first wife, WILLIAM Sutherland Earl of Sutherland, son of KENNETH Earl of Sutherland & his wife Mary [Marjory] of Mar (-[27 Feb 1370/Jun 1371]). The earldom of Sutherland was erected into a regality 10 Oct 1345, although this lapsed on the Earl's death without surviving issue from his first marriage.

3. MATILDA Bruce (-Aberdeen 30 Jul 1353, bur Dunfermline Abbey, Fife). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) names "Matildem…et Margaritam" as the two daughters of "Robertus, adhuc comes" and his wife "Elizabeth filiam Haymeri de Burkis comitis de Hullister", adding that Matilda "did nothing worth recording" and in a later passage that Matilda married "Thomæ Isak" by whom she had two daughters, "Johannam" who married "Johanni domini de Lorn" and had "filios et filias", and "Catherinam" who died "apud Strivelyn"[1099]. The same source in a later passage records the death "on the feast of the blessed virgin Margaret" in 1353 at Aberdeen of "Matilda of Bruce sister of the lord David king of Scotland" and her burial "at Dunfermline", adding that she married "a certain squire named Thomas Isaac" and had two daughters "Joan [wife of] John of Lorn, lord of that ilk, who of her begat sons and daughters, [and] Catherine" who died "at Strivelyn"[1100]. m THOMAS Isaac, son of ---.

4. DAVID Bruce (Dunfermline Palace, Fife 5 Mar 1324-Edinburgh Castle 22 Feb 1371, bur Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) names "David" as only son of "Robertus, adhuc comes" and his wife "Elizabeth filiam Haymeri de Burkis comitis de Hullister"[1101]. The Chronicle of John of Fordun (Continuator - Annals) records in a later passage his birth 5 Mar 1324 in "the monastery of Dunfermline"[1102]. He was created Earl of Carrick [17 Mar/17 Jul] 1328. He succeeded his father in 1329 as DAVID II King of Scotland, crowned 24 Nov 1331 at Scone Abbey, Perthshire. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the coronation "VIII Kal Dec…apud Sconam" in 1331 of "David rex Scotorum, filius et heres regis Roberti de Bruce" when eight years old[1103]. He was deposed by Edward Balliol Aug 1332 after the battle of Dupplin Moor, near Perth, but restored Dec 1332. Deposed again 1333, finally restored 1336. Taken prisoner at the battle of Neville's Cross 17 Oct 1346, and imprisoned in the Tower. The Chronicle of John of Fordun (Continuator - Annals) records the death in 1370 "on the Feast of St Peter’s Chair…at Edinburgh Castle" of "David Bruce king of Scotland" and his burial "in the monastery of Holyrood"[1104]. m firstly (Berwick-upon-Tweed 17 Jul 1328) JOAN of England, daughter of EDWARD II King of England & his wife Isabelle de France (Tower of London 5 Jul 1321-Hertford Castle 7 Sep 1362, bur Greyfriars Church, Newgate, London). John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records the marriage at Berwick 17 Jul 1328 of "David filius et heres regis Roberti de Bruce" and "sororem Eadwardi de Windesour, filiam Eadwardi de Carnarvan paulo ante defuncti"[1105]. Froissart names "Ysabel" as older daughter of King Edward II and his wife, adding that she married "au jone roy David d’Escoce, filz au roi Robert de Brus" and recording their marriage at Berwick in a later passage[1106]. She was crowned Queen Consort with her husband at Scone Abbey. Mistress (1): KATHERINE de Mortimer, daughter of --- (-1361). The Liber Pluscardensis records the death in 1361 of "concubinæ regis Katerinæ de Mortimar", adding that the king had neglected the queen for her[1107]. m secondly (Inchmurdach Manor, Fife or Inchmahone Priory, Perthshire Apr or Dec 1363, divorced 20 Mar 1370) as her second husband, MARGARET Drummond, widow of JOHN Logie of that Ilk, daughter of MALCOLM Drummond & his wife --- de Graham (-[Avignon] soon after 31 Jan 1375). The Chronicle of John of Fordun (Continuator - Annals) records the second marriage of "lord David king of Scotland" and "Margaret of Logie" at "Inchmurdach" in 1363[1108]. The Liber Pluscardensis records the marriage "apud Enchemarthow", dated to [1362/63] from the context, of King David and "Margaretam de Logi, filiam domini Malcolmi de Drummond" and their divorce without her consent "circa festum Carnis Brevii" in 1369[1109].

5. JOHN (Oct 1327-young, bur Restennet Priory, Forfarshire). The primary source which confirms his parentage has not yet been identified.

King Robert I had [six] illegitimate children by unknown mistresses:

6. ROBERT (-killed in battle Dupplin 12 Aug 1332). Baron of Liddesdale. John of Fordun’s Scotichronicon (Continuator) records that "…Roberto de Bruce filio…regis Roberti…" were killed at Duplin Moor 11 Aug 1332 fighting Edward Balliol[1110].

7. NEIL [Nigel] of Carrick (-killed in battle Durham 17 Oct 1346).

8. [ WALTER of Odistoun .]

9. CHRISTINA of Carrick (-after 1329).

10. MARGARET (-after 29