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Source: Alfgar, Earl of Mercia, in British History Online ~www.british-history.ac.uk [See document in the Memories section]

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Titre	Alfgar, Earl of Mercia, in British History Online ~www.british-history.ac.uk [See document in the Memories section]

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Alfgar, Earl of Mercia, in British History Online ~www.british-history.ac.uk [See document in the Memories section]

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Alfgar, Earl of Mercia, in British History Online ~www.british-history.ac.uk …Godiva was a historic person, the wife of Leofric, Earl of Mercia, mother of Ælfgar, Earl of East Anglia, and grandmother of Edwin and Morcar and of Aldgyth, wife of Gruffyd, Prince of Wales, and, after his death, of King Harold. She was a considerable landowner, probably in her own right… ~'The City of Coventry: The legend of Lady Godiva', in A History of the County of Warwick: Volume 8, the City of Coventry and Borough of Warwick, ed. W B Stephens (London, 1969), pp. 242-247. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/warks/vol8/pp242-247 …After Swein's misconduct and Godwine's exile it was, on the return of the great English earl, restored to Mercia under Leofric. On the death of Leofric in 1057, Harold may have united Oxfordshire to East Anglia and placed them under his own brother Gyrth, but in Domesday Book the city of Oxford is entered as having been held in the reign of King Edward by Ælfgar, Earl of Mercia. The two statements are not absolutely contradictory, but the whole subject is very obscure. The collapse of Harold's family policy is connected with Oxford by the march of the Northumbrian insurgents against Tostig in 1065… ~'Political history', in A History of the County of Oxford: Volume 1, ed. L F Salzman (London, 1939), pp. 429-456. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/oxon/vol1/pp429-456 …After Eglaf's death in 1023 Leofwine's descendants succeeded to the whole Mercian earldom. Western Mercia probably retained an especial importance: Leofwine's son, Earl Leofric (d. 1057), enriched several important churches and cult centres in the area, including the two minsters in Chester, St. Werburgh's and St. John's. When Leofric's son Ælfgar revolted successfully in the 1050s, the western Marches were his centre of operations and he eventually sent his Irish Viking fleet to Chester to be paid off. Clearly Chester was still an important naval base for his family. Ælfgar's alliance with the Welsh king Gruffudd ap Llywelyn led to the latter's acquisition of lands west of the Dee, near Chester, and when in 1063 Earl Harold attacked Gruffudd's palace at Rhuddlan in Flintshire he made the city his base. Although with Gruffudd's defeat in the same year the lands beyond the Dee returned to English control, the main beneficiary was not the king but Ælfgar's youthful son and heir, Earl Edwin. By then the king had relinquished all his Cheshire lands to the earls of Mercia, leaving them in a position not so very unlike that of their post-Conquest successors at Chester. Clearly by the mid-1060s the area held considerable potential for an energetic earl. One indication of the impact of such developments upon Chester itself was the fact that in Harold II's reign (January-October 1066) its mint was one of the few supplied with locally produced dies, and the continuing close association of the city with the comital house was demonstrated when Harold's widow Ealdgyth was sent there by her brother Earl Edwin after the battle of Hastings… ~'Early medieval Chester 400-1230', in A History of the County of Chester: Volume 5 Part 1, the City of Chester: General History and Topography, ed. C P Lewis and A T Thacker (London, 2003), pp. 16-33. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/ches/vol5/pt1/pp16-33 Algar Earl of Mercia, son of Leofric Earl of Mercia was lord of Hemesby in the time of King Edward; Alwi bought it of Algar, and Stigand the Archbishop of Canterbury, took it from him, and gave it to Almarus, his brother, Bishop of Elmham; but what right the see had to it, the hundred (by whom all suits and causes were tried) knew not… ~Francis Blomefield, 'West Flegg hundred: Hemesby', in An Essay Towards A Topographical History of the County of Norfolk: Volume 11 (London, 1810), pp. 165-168. British History Online http://www.britishhistory.ac.uk/topographical-hist-norfolk/vol11/pp165-168 BOYTON, OR BEGETON. The principal lordship of this town was bought by Almar, Bishop of Elmham, and brother to Stigand, Archbishop of Canterbury, of Algar, Earl of Mercia, with the soc and sac, borderers, and all belonging to the foldage… ~Francis Blomefield, 'Walsham Hundred: Boyton, or Begeton', in An Essay Towards A Topographical History of the County of Norfolk: Volume 11 (London, 1810), pp. 97-100. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/topographical-hist-norfolk/vol11/pp97-100 …Godric, the King's steward, had a grant of the lands of 3 freemen, 2 of them belonged to Edwin, (who was son of Algar Earl of Mercia,) and one to Gert, (King Harold's brother,) on whose deprivation, their lands were granted to Ralph Earl of Norfolk, and on his rebellion, and forfeiture, to Godric… ~Francis Blomefield, 'Loddon Hundred: Helgheton', in An Essay Towards A Topographical History of the County of Norfolk: Volume 10 (London, 1809), pp. 135-137. British History Online http://www.britishhistory.ac.uk/topographical-hist-norfolk/vol10/pp135-137 …Like most boroughs, Oxford in 1086 was carrying a fiscal burden much heavier than that which had lain on it before the Conquest. In King Edward's time it had produced a yearly 'farm' of £20 and 6 sestiers of honey to the king, and £10 to Earl Ælfgar of Mercia… 'The Domesday survey: Introduction', in A History of the County of Oxford: Volume 1, ed. L F Salzman (London, 1939), pp. 373-395. Online http://www.britishhistory.ac.uk/vch/oxon/vol1/pp373-395 …In the same town were 5 freemen; of 3 of these Hagan had the commendation, and of the other 2 Algar (Earl of of Mercia) had it, who were also deprived… ~Francis Blomefield, 'Loddon Hundred: Bedingham', in An Essay Towards A Topographical History of the County of Norfolk: Volume 10 (London, 1809), pp. 100-105. British History Online http://www.britishhistory.ac.uk/topographical-hist-norfolk/vol10/pp100-105 In 1086 COMBE, assessed at 1 hide, was the smallest of the four Oxfordshire manors held in demesne by Odo of Bayeux. It was said to have been held formerly by Alwin and Algar, the latter perhaps being Aelfgar (d. 1062), earl of Mercia… ~A P Baggs, W J Blair, Eleanor Chance, Christina Colvin, Janet Cooper, C J Day, Nesta Selwyn and S C Townley, 'Combe: Manor and other estates', in A History of the County of Oxford: Volume 12, Wootton Hundred (South) Including Woodstock, ed. Alan Crossley and C R Elrington (London, 1990), pp. 82-84. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/oxon/vol12/pp82-84

Alfgar, Earl of Mercia, in British History Online ~www.british-history.ac.uk
…Godiva was a historic person, the wife of Leofric, Earl of Mercia, mother of Ælfgar, Earl of East Anglia,
and grandmother of Edwin and Morcar and of Aldgyth, wife of Gruffyd, Prince of Wales, and, after his
death, of King Harold. She was a considerable landowner, probably in her own right…
~'The City of Coventry: The legend of Lady Godiva', in A History of the County of Warwick: Volume 8, the
City of Coventry and Borough of Warwick, ed. W B Stephens (London, 1969), pp. 242-247. British History
Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/warks/vol8/pp242-247
…After Swein's misconduct and Godwine's exile it was, on the return of the great English earl, restored
to Mercia under Leofric. On the death of Leofric in 1057, Harold may have united Oxfordshire to East
Anglia and placed them under his own brother Gyrth, but in Domesday Book the city of Oxford is
entered as having been held in the reign of King Edward by Ælfgar, Earl of Mercia. The two statements
are not absolutely contradictory, but the whole subject is very obscure. The collapse of Harold's family
policy is connected with Oxford by the march of the Northumbrian insurgents against Tostig in 1065…
~'Political history', in A History of the County of Oxford: Volume 1, ed. L F Salzman (London, 1939), pp.
429-456. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/oxon/vol1/pp429-456
…After Eglaf's death in 1023 Leofwine's descendants succeeded to the whole Mercian earldom. Western
Mercia probably retained an especial importance: Leofwine's son, Earl Leofric (d. 1057), enriched
several important churches and cult centres in the area, including the two minsters in Chester, St.
Werburgh's and St. John's. When Leofric's son Ælfgar revolted successfully in the 1050s, the western
Marches were his centre of operations and he eventually sent his Irish Viking fleet to Chester to be paid
off. Clearly Chester was still an important naval base for his family.
Ælfgar's alliance with the Welsh king Gruffudd ap Llywelyn led to the latter's acquisition of lands west of
the Dee, near Chester, and when in 1063 Earl Harold attacked Gruffudd's palace at Rhuddlan in
Flintshire he made the city his base. Although with Gruffudd's defeat in the same year the lands beyond
the Dee returned to English control, the main beneficiary was not the king but Ælfgar's youthful son and
heir, Earl Edwin. By then the king had relinquished all his Cheshire lands to the earls of Mercia, leaving
them in a position not so very unlike that of their post-Conquest successors at Chester. Clearly by the
mid-1060s the area held considerable potential for an energetic earl. One indication of the impact of
such developments upon Chester itself was the fact that in Harold II's reign (January-October 1066) its
mint was one of the few supplied with locally produced dies, and the continuing close association of the
city with the comital house was demonstrated when Harold's widow Ealdgyth was sent there by her
brother Earl Edwin after the battle of Hastings…
~'Early medieval Chester 400-1230', in A History of the County of Chester: Volume 5 Part 1, the City of
Chester: General History and Topography, ed. C P Lewis and A T Thacker (London, 2003), pp. 16-33.
British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/ches/vol5/pt1/pp16-33

Algar Earl of Mercia, son of Leofric Earl of Mercia was lord of Hemesby in the time of King Edward; Alwi
bought it of Algar, and Stigand the Archbishop of Canterbury, took it from him, and gave it to Almarus,
his brother, Bishop of Elmham; but what right the see had to it, the hundred (by whom all suits and
causes were tried) knew not…
~Francis Blomefield, 'West Flegg hundred: Hemesby', in An Essay Towards A Topographical History of the
County of Norfolk: Volume 11 (London, 1810), pp. 165-168. British History Online http://www.britishhistory.ac.uk/topographical-hist-norfolk/vol11/pp165-168
BOYTON, OR BEGETON.
The principal lordship of this town was bought by Almar, Bishop of Elmham, and brother to Stigand,
Archbishop of Canterbury, of Algar, Earl of Mercia, with the soc and sac, borderers, and all belonging to
the foldage…
~Francis Blomefield, 'Walsham Hundred: Boyton, or Begeton', in An Essay Towards A Topographical
History of the County of Norfolk: Volume 11 (London, 1810), pp. 97-100. British History Online
http://www.british-history.ac.uk/topographical-hist-norfolk/vol11/pp97-100
…Godric, the King's steward, had a grant of the lands of 3 freemen, 2 of them belonged to Edwin, (who
was son of Algar Earl of Mercia,) and one to Gert, (King Harold's brother,) on whose deprivation, their
lands were granted to Ralph Earl of Norfolk, and on his rebellion, and forfeiture, to Godric…
~Francis Blomefield, 'Loddon Hundred: Helgheton', in An Essay Towards A Topographical History of the
County of Norfolk: Volume 10 (London, 1809), pp. 135-137. British History Online http://www.britishhistory.ac.uk/topographical-hist-norfolk/vol10/pp135-137
…Like most boroughs, Oxford in 1086 was carrying a fiscal burden much heavier than that which had lain
on it before the Conquest. In King Edward's time it had produced a yearly 'farm' of £20 and 6 sestiers of
honey to the king, and £10 to Earl Ælfgar of Mercia…
'The Domesday survey: Introduction', in A History of the County of Oxford: Volume 1, ed. L F Salzman
(London, 1939), pp. 373-395. Online http://www.britishhistory.ac.uk/vch/oxon/vol1/pp373-395
…In the same town were 5 freemen; of 3 of these Hagan had the commendation, and of the other 2
Algar (Earl of of Mercia) had it, who were also deprived…
~Francis Blomefield, 'Loddon Hundred: Bedingham', in An Essay Towards A Topographical History of the
County of Norfolk: Volume 10 (London, 1809), pp. 100-105. British History Online http://www.britishhistory.ac.uk/topographical-hist-norfolk/vol10/pp100-105
In 1086 COMBE, assessed at 1 hide, was the smallest of the four Oxfordshire manors held in demesne by
Odo of Bayeux. It was said to have been held formerly by Alwin and Algar, the latter perhaps being
Aelfgar (d. 1062), earl of Mercia…
~A P Baggs, W J Blair, Eleanor Chance, Christina Colvin, Janet Cooper, C J Day, Nesta Selwyn and S C
Townley, 'Combe: Manor and other estates', in A History of the County of Oxford: Volume 12, Wootton
Hundred (South) Including Woodstock, ed. Alan Crossley and C R Elrington (London, 1990), pp. 82-84.
British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/oxon/vol12/pp82-84