Généalogie and Heritage

Source: GRUFFYDD ap Llywelyn, son of LLYWELYN ap Seisyll King of Gwynedd - Foundation for Medieval Genealogy

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Titre	GRUFFYDD ap Llywelyn, son of LLYWELYN ap Seisyll King of Gwynedd - Foundation for Medieval Genealogy

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GRUFFYDD ap Llywelyn, son of LLYWELYN ap Seisyll King of Gwynedd & his wife Angharad of Gwynedd (-killed Snowdonia 5 Aug 1063). [The Gwentian Chronicle records that "his son…Grufydd" succeeded his father as prince of Gwynedd after "Llywelyn son of Seisyllt" was killed in 1021[426].] His parentage is confirmed by the Chronicle of the Princes of Wales which records that "Bleddyn son of Cynvyn [and] Gruffudd son of Llywelyn…were brothers by the same mother…Angharad daughter of Meredudd king of the Britons"[427]. [The Gwentian Chronicle records that "Grufudd" defeated and killed "Iago son of Idwal prince of Gwynedd" and "took the government of Gwynedd and so became king of Wales from the Irish Channel to the Severn sea", dated to [1036] from the context[428].] He succeeded in 1039 as Prince of Gwynedd and Powys. The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "Iago king of Gwynedd was slain" in 1037 and that "Gruffudd son of Llywelyn son of Seisyl governed in his stead", adding that the latter "from beginning to end pursued the Saxons and the other nations and killed and destroyed them…first…at Rhyd y Groes on the Severn"[429]. He accompanied Svein Godwinsson, son of Godwin Earl of Wessex, on an expedition into South Wales in 1046[430]. He made himself ruler of all of Wales. Allied with Ælfgar ex-Earl of East Anglia, son of Leofric Earl of Mercia, he invaded England and sacked Hereford Oct 1055. Peace was negotiated by Leofric Earl of Mercia and Harold Earl of Wessex, under which Gruffydd swore allegiance to King Edward "the Confessor"[431]. Leofgar, recently appointed Bishop of Hereford, led an army against Gruffydd but was defeated and killed 16 Jun 1056[432]. He started raiding England again after Ælfric Earl of Mercia died [1062]. England launched a full-scale campaign against him, led by Tostig Earl of Northumbria invading north Wales and Harold raiding the southern coast[433]. [The Gwentian Chronicle records that "Caradoc son of Rhydderch [error for son of Grufudd son of Rhydderch?] son of Iestin hired Harallt to come with an army to S. Wales" and together they defeated Prince Gruffydd in 1060[434].] The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "Gruffudd son of Llywelyn…fell through the treachery of his own men" in 1061[435]. Simeon of Durham records that "Griffin king of the Britons" was killed by his own men "Non Aug" in 1064[436]. Gruffydd was not caught by this pincer movement but was killed by his own men[437]. m firstly (1039) as her second husband, ---, formerly wife of HYWEL Prince of South Wales, daughter of ---. The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "Gruffudd son of Llywelyn son of Seisyl overcame Howel and captured his wife and took her to behis own wife"[438]. The Gwentian Chronicle records that "Grufudd son of Llywelyn son of Seisyllt" defeated "Hywel son of Edwin and took his wife from him and kept her as his concubine" in 1038[439]. m secondly ([1058]) as her first husband, EALDGYTH of Mercia, daughter of ÆLFGAR Earl of Mercia & his first wife Ælfgifu. Orderic Vitalis records that "Edwinus…et Morcarus comites, filii Algari…Edgivam sororem eorum" married firstly "Gritfridi…regis Guallorum" and secondly "Heraldo"[440]. In a later passage, the same source names her “Aldit”[441]. She married secondly ([1064/early 1066) Harold II King of England. There is no source which pinpoints the date of Ealdgyth´s second marriage. Freeman suggests that the absence of any reference to his queen in the sources which record the circumstances of Harold´s accession and coronation may indicate that his marriage took place afterwards[442]. Gruffydd & his first wife had [two] children: 1. [OWAIN ap Gruffydd (-1057). The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "Owain son of Gruffudd died" in 1057[443]. It is not certain that Gruffydd ap Llywelyn was the father of Owain ap Gruffydd.] 2. daughter . The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m ([1058]) as his second wife, ÆLFGAR Earl of Mercia, son of LEOFRIC Earl of Mercia & his wife Godiva --- (-1062). Gruffydd & his --- wife had two children: 3. MAREDUDD (-1068 or after). The Annales Cambriæ record war in 1068 betweeen "filios Kenwin, scilicet Bledin et Ruallo" and "filios Grifini, scilicet Maredut et Idwal" in which the latter were defeated[444]. The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "the action of Mechain took place between Bleddyn and Rhiwallon, sons of Cynvyn, Maredudd and Ithel, sons of Gruffudd" in 1068, adding that "Ithel was killed in the battle and Maredudd died of cold in his flight, and Rhiwallon son of Cynvynwas slain"[445]. 4. IDWAL (-killed in battle Mechain 1068). The Annales Cambriæ record war in 1068 betweeen "filios Kenwin, scilicet Bledin et Ruallo" and "filios Grifini, scilicet Maredut et Idwal" in which the latter were defeated[446]. The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "the action of Mechain took place between Bleddyn and Rhiwallon, sons of Cynvyn, Maredudd and Ithel, sons of Gruffudd" in 1068, adding that "Ithel was killed in the battle and Maredudd died of cold in his flight, and Rhiwallon son of Cynvyn was slain"[447]. Gruffydd & his second wife had one child: 5. NESTA . Orderic Vitalis names "Nest" as the daughter of "Edwinus…et Morcarus comites, filii Algari…Edgivam sororem eorum" and her first husband "Gritfridi…regis Guallorum"[448]. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. "Hugo filius Osberti" donated a saltpan at Droitwich to the monks of Worcester Cathedral priory, for the souls of "patris mei Osberti et matris mee Nest", by charter dated to [early 12th century][449]. m OSBERN FitzRichard of Richard's Castle, son of RICHARD FitzScrob & his wife --- (-after [1087/88]).

GRUFFYDD ap Llywelyn, son of LLYWELYN ap Seisyll King of Gwynedd & his wife Angharad of Gwynedd (-killed Snowdonia 5 Aug 1063). [The Gwentian Chronicle records that "his son…Grufydd" succeeded his father as prince of Gwynedd after "Llywelyn son of Seisyllt" was killed in 1021[426].] His parentage is confirmed by the Chronicle of the Princes of Wales which records that "Bleddyn son of Cynvyn [and] Gruffudd son of Llywelyn…were brothers by the same mother…Angharad daughter of Meredudd king of the Britons"[427]. [The Gwentian Chronicle records that "Grufudd" defeated and killed "Iago son of Idwal prince of Gwynedd" and "took the government of Gwynedd and so became king of Wales from the Irish Channel to the Severn sea", dated to [1036] from the context[428].] He succeeded in 1039 as Prince of Gwynedd and Powys. The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "Iago king of Gwynedd was slain" in 1037 and that "Gruffudd son of Llywelyn son of Seisyl governed in his stead", adding that the latter "from beginning to end pursued the Saxons and the other nations and killed and destroyed them…first…at Rhyd y Groes on the Severn"[429]. He accompanied Svein Godwinsson, son of Godwin Earl of Wessex, on an expedition into South Wales in 1046[430]. He made himself ruler of all of Wales. Allied with Ælfgar ex-Earl of East Anglia, son of Leofric Earl of Mercia, he invaded England and sacked Hereford Oct 1055. Peace was negotiated by Leofric Earl of Mercia and Harold Earl of Wessex, under which Gruffydd swore allegiance to King Edward "the Confessor"[431]. Leofgar, recently appointed Bishop of Hereford, led an army against Gruffydd but was defeated and killed 16 Jun 1056[432]. He started raiding England again after Ælfric Earl of Mercia died [1062]. England launched a full-scale campaign against him, led by Tostig Earl of Northumbria invading north Wales and Harold raiding the southern coast[433]. [The Gwentian Chronicle records that "Caradoc son of Rhydderch [error for son of Grufudd son of Rhydderch?] son of Iestin hired Harallt to come with an army to S. Wales" and together they defeated Prince Gruffydd in 1060[434].] The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "Gruffudd son of Llywelyn…fell through the treachery of his own men" in 1061[435]. Simeon of Durham records that "Griffin king of the Britons" was killed by his own men "Non Aug" in 1064[436]. Gruffydd was not caught by this pincer movement but was killed by his own men[437].

m firstly (1039) as her second husband, ---, formerly wife of HYWEL Prince of South Wales, daughter of ---. The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "Gruffudd son of Llywelyn son of Seisyl overcame Howel and captured his wife and took her to behis own wife"[438]. The Gwentian Chronicle records that "Grufudd son of Llywelyn son of Seisyllt" defeated "Hywel son of Edwin and took his wife from him and kept her as his concubine" in 1038[439].

m secondly ([1058]) as her first husband, EALDGYTH of Mercia, daughter of ÆLFGAR Earl of Mercia & his first wife Ælfgifu. Orderic Vitalis records that "Edwinus…et Morcarus comites, filii Algari…Edgivam sororem eorum" married firstly "Gritfridi…regis Guallorum" and secondly "Heraldo"[440]. In a later passage, the same source names her “Aldit”[441]. She married secondly ([1064/early 1066) Harold II King of England. There is no source which pinpoints the date of Ealdgyth´s second marriage. Freeman suggests that the absence of any reference to his queen in the sources which record the circumstances of Harold´s accession and coronation may indicate that his marriage took place afterwards[442].

Gruffydd & his first wife had [two] children:

1. [OWAIN ap Gruffydd (-1057). The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "Owain son of Gruffudd died" in 1057[443]. It is not certain that Gruffydd ap Llywelyn was the father of Owain ap Gruffydd.]

2. daughter . The primary source which confirms her parentage and marriage has not yet been identified. m ([1058]) as his second wife, ÆLFGAR Earl of Mercia, son of LEOFRIC Earl of Mercia & his wife Godiva --- (-1062).

Gruffydd & his --- wife had two children:

3. MAREDUDD (-1068 or after). The Annales Cambriæ record war in 1068 betweeen "filios Kenwin, scilicet Bledin et Ruallo" and "filios Grifini, scilicet Maredut et Idwal" in which the latter were defeated[444]. The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "the action of Mechain took place between Bleddyn and Rhiwallon, sons of Cynvyn, Maredudd and Ithel, sons of Gruffudd" in 1068, adding that "Ithel was killed in the battle and Maredudd died of cold in his flight, and Rhiwallon son of Cynvynwas slain"[445].

4. IDWAL (-killed in battle Mechain 1068). The Annales Cambriæ record war in 1068 betweeen "filios Kenwin, scilicet Bledin et Ruallo" and "filios Grifini, scilicet Maredut et Idwal" in which the latter were defeated[446]. The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales records that "the action of Mechain took place between Bleddyn and Rhiwallon, sons of Cynvyn, Maredudd and Ithel, sons of Gruffudd" in 1068, adding that "Ithel was killed in the battle and Maredudd died of cold in his flight, and Rhiwallon son of Cynvyn was slain"[447].

Gruffydd & his second wife had one child:

5. NESTA . Orderic Vitalis names "Nest" as the daughter of "Edwinus…et Morcarus comites, filii Algari…Edgivam sororem eorum" and her first husband "Gritfridi…regis Guallorum"[448]. The primary source which confirms her marriage has not yet been identified. "Hugo filius Osberti" donated a saltpan at Droitwich to the monks of Worcester Cathedral priory, for the souls of "patris mei Osberti et matris mee Nest", by charter dated to [early 12th century][449]. m OSBERN FitzRichard of Richard's Castle, son of RICHARD FitzScrob & his wife --- (-after [1087/88]).