Généalogie and Heritage

Source: Baldwin I "Iron-arm" (Baudouin I "Bras de Fer", Balduinus Ferreorum-brachiorum) - The Henry Project: The Ancestors of King Henry II of England

Description

Type	Valeur
Titre	Baldwin I "Iron-arm" (Baudouin I "Bras de Fer", Balduinus Ferreorum-brachiorum) - The Henry Project: The Ancestors of King Henry II of England

Entrées associées à cette source

Personnes
BALDWIN I Margrave of Flanders CR002

Médias

URL

Notes


The Henry Project: The Ancestors of King Henry II of England MALE Baldwin I "Iron-arm" (Baudouin I "Bras de Fer", Balduinus Ferreorum-brachiorum) Count [presumably of Flanders], before 862-879. Lay-abbot of Saint-Pierre de Gand (St. Peter's, Ghent), 870. Count Baldwin I, ancestor of the counts of Flanders, first appears in history in the year 862, when Judith, daughter of king Charles the Bald, and successively widow of the two Anglo-Saxon kings Æthelwulf and Æthelbald, eloped with him, with the assistance of Judith's brother Louis (later king Louis II) Date of Birth: Unknown. Place of Birth: Unknown. Date of Death: 879. [Annales Vedastini (see above); Chronicon Vedastinum (see below); Annales Blandinienses (see below)] Place of Death: Unknown (buried at Saint-Bertin). The contemporary Annales Vedastini state that he was buried at Saint-Bertin [Ann. Vedast., s.a. 879, 43-4]. The later Annales Blandinienses have him buried at Saint-Pierre de Gand [Ann. Bland., Grierson (1937a), 13]. A late marginal addition to chapter 88 of Folcwine's history states that Baldwin died after having spent some time as a monk at Saint-Bertin and that his body was buried at St. Bertin (Sithiu), but that his heart and intestines were removed to Saint-Pierre de Gand [MGH SS 13: 623]. If true, this would be one explanation of the disagreement between Annales Vedastini and Annales Blandinienses regarding his place of burial, but this explanation is undermined by the sixteenth century date of this marginal addition (pointed out me by Peter Stewart). More convincing is the argument of Philip Grierson. Since the burial of Baldwin's grandson count Adalolf of Boulogne has the same error, Grierson has suggested that Annales Blandinienses was using a Saint-Bertin source for these obituaries which said something like "hic sepelitur" or "in hoc monasterio sepelitur" which was then misinterpreted by compiler of Annales Blandinienses [Grierson (1937a), 17, n. 9]. Probable father: Audacer/Odoacer. While nothing further is known of him, it seems likely that the name can be accepted, although Audacer's supposed ancestors must be rejected. See the Commentary section for a discussion of Baldwin's legendary ancestry. Mother: Unknown. Spouse: m. at Auxerre, 863 (eloped 862), Judith, daughter of Charles the Bald, king of the West Franks, emperor, and widow of Æthelwulf (d. 858) and of Æthelbald (d. 860), kings of the West Saxons. Children: The contemporary Annals of Saint-Vaast state that Baldwin and Raoul were brothers ["Balduinus vero comes et Hrodulfus frater eius, ..." Ann. Vedast., s.a. 895, 76]. Regino, writing in the first decade of the tenth century, states that Raoul was a son of Baldwin [I], and that Raoul's brother Baldwin [II] held Flanders [Regino, s.a. 818, MGH SS 1: 567 (see below)]. Writing between 951 and 959, Witger also states that Baldwin II was a son of Baldwin I by Judith ["Quam Iudith prudentissimam ac spetiosam sociavit sibi Balduinus comes fortissimus in matrimonii coniugium. Ex qua genuit filium, imponens ei nomen sibi equivocum, videlicet Balduinum." Witger, Genealogia Arnulfi comitis, MGH SS 9: 303]. MALE Baldwin II, d. 918, count/marquis of Flanders, 879-918; m. Ælfthryth, daughter of Ælfred "the Great", king of Wessex. MALE Raoul (Rodulfus), d. 28 June 896, count of Vermandois, 895-896. [often called count of Cambrai, probably falsely] In 895, Raoul took the castle of Saint-Quentin, expelling the unnamed son of Theodoricus ["Nam Sancti Quintini castrum, per noctem tradendo eum abintus, tulerat Rodulfus filio Theoderici." Ann. Vedast., s.a. 895, 77]. This made him master of Vermandois (of which Saint-Quentin was the principle stronghold), and, as was pointed out by Grierson, it is not until after this event that Raoul is given the title of count by the Annales Vedastini [Grierson (1937a), 15, n. 2]. Expelled in the next year by king Eudes ["Post haec Odo rex castrum Sancti Quintini et Perronam obsedit hominesque Rodulfi inde eiecit." Ann. Vedast., s.a. 896, 78], Raoul continued to ravage possessions of the abbacy of Saint-Quentin until he was killed in battle with count Heribert I on 28 June 896 ["Rodulfus vero in ira commotus propter castella perdita, dum depraedari non cessit abbatiam sancti Quintini, ab Heriberto in bello occiditur." Ann. Vedast., s.a. 896, 78; "Rodulfus comes interficitur 4. kal. Iulii." Ann. Bland., s.a. 896, 15: 24; "... qui Heribertus Rodulfum comitem, filium Balduini interfecit nostris temporibus, et non multum post occisus est a Balduino, satellite Balduini, fratris Rodulfi, qui Balduinus hucusque in Flandris ducatum tenet." Regino, s.a. 818 (in a retrospective annal written ca. 906, describing the family of Bernard, son of Pepin of Italy), MGH SS 1: 567]. It was on Raoul's defeat that Heribert obtained the region of Vermandois which gave Heribert's family the name by which it is now commonly known [see Werner (1960), 88-91]. The claim that Raoul was count of Cambrai does not appear in sources until the twelfth century [see Meyer & Longnon (1882), xviii-xix; Vanderkindere (1902), 1: 287; Grierson (1937a), 15, n. 2], and is evidently based on confusion between the present Raoul (enemy of Heribert I) and his kinsman Raoul de Gouy, father of the Raoul who was the historical prototype of the Raoul de Cambrai of romance (and also an enemy of the sons of Heribert II of Vermandois, which no doubt helped to contribute to the confusion between the two) [see Meyer & Longnon (1882), xviii-xix].

The Henry Project: The Ancestors of King Henry II of England
MALE Baldwin I "Iron-arm" (Baudouin I "Bras de Fer", Balduinus Ferreorum-brachiorum)
Count [presumably of Flanders], before 862-879.
Lay-abbot of Saint-Pierre de Gand (St. Peter's, Ghent), 870.
Count Baldwin I, ancestor of the counts of Flanders, first appears in history in the year 862, when Judith, daughter of king Charles the Bald, and successively widow of the two Anglo-Saxon kings Æthelwulf and Æthelbald, eloped with him, with the assistance of Judith's brother Louis (later king Louis II)

Date of Birth: Unknown.
Place of Birth: Unknown.

Date of Death: 879.
[Annales Vedastini (see above); Chronicon Vedastinum (see below); Annales Blandinienses (see below)]
Place of Death: Unknown (buried at Saint-Bertin).
The contemporary Annales Vedastini state that he was buried at Saint-Bertin [Ann. Vedast., s.a. 879, 43-4]. The later Annales Blandinienses have him buried at Saint-Pierre de Gand [Ann. Bland., Grierson (1937a), 13]. A late marginal addition to chapter 88 of Folcwine's history states that Baldwin died after having spent some time as a monk at Saint-Bertin and that his body was buried at St. Bertin (Sithiu), but that his heart and intestines were removed to Saint-Pierre de Gand [MGH SS 13: 623]. If true, this would be one explanation of the disagreement between Annales Vedastini and Annales Blandinienses regarding his place of burial, but this explanation is undermined by the sixteenth century date of this marginal addition (pointed out me by Peter Stewart). More convincing is the argument of Philip Grierson. Since the burial of Baldwin's grandson count Adalolf of Boulogne has the same error, Grierson has suggested that Annales Blandinienses was using a Saint-Bertin source for these obituaries which said something like "hic sepelitur" or "in hoc monasterio sepelitur" which was then misinterpreted by compiler of Annales Blandinienses [Grierson (1937a), 17, n. 9].

Probable father: Audacer/Odoacer.
While nothing further is known of him, it seems likely that the name can be accepted, although Audacer's supposed ancestors must be rejected. See the Commentary section for a discussion of Baldwin's legendary ancestry.

Mother: Unknown.

Spouse: m. at Auxerre, 863 (eloped 862), Judith, daughter of Charles the Bald, king of the West Franks, emperor, and widow of Æthelwulf (d. 858) and of Æthelbald (d. 860), kings of the West Saxons.

Children:
The contemporary Annals of Saint-Vaast state that Baldwin and Raoul were brothers ["Balduinus vero comes et Hrodulfus frater eius, ..." Ann. Vedast., s.a. 895, 76]. Regino, writing in the first decade of the tenth century, states that Raoul was a son of Baldwin [I], and that Raoul's brother Baldwin [II] held Flanders [Regino, s.a. 818, MGH SS 1: 567 (see below)]. Writing between 951 and 959, Witger also states that Baldwin II was a son of Baldwin I by Judith ["Quam Iudith prudentissimam ac spetiosam sociavit sibi Balduinus comes fortissimus in matrimonii coniugium. Ex qua genuit filium, imponens ei nomen sibi equivocum, videlicet Balduinum." Witger, Genealogia Arnulfi comitis, MGH SS 9: 303].

MALE Baldwin II, d. 918, count/marquis of Flanders, 879-918;
m. Ælfthryth, daughter of Ælfred "the Great", king of Wessex.

MALE Raoul (Rodulfus), d. 28 June 896, count of Vermandois, 895-896. [often called count of Cambrai, probably falsely]
In 895, Raoul took the castle of Saint-Quentin, expelling the unnamed son of Theodoricus ["Nam Sancti Quintini castrum, per noctem tradendo eum abintus, tulerat Rodulfus filio Theoderici." Ann. Vedast., s.a. 895, 77]. This made him master of Vermandois (of which Saint-Quentin was the principle stronghold), and, as was pointed out by Grierson, it is not until after this event that Raoul is given the title of count by the Annales Vedastini [Grierson (1937a), 15, n. 2]. Expelled in the next year by king Eudes ["Post haec Odo rex castrum Sancti Quintini et Perronam obsedit hominesque Rodulfi inde eiecit." Ann. Vedast., s.a. 896, 78], Raoul continued to ravage possessions of the abbacy of Saint-Quentin until he was killed in battle with count Heribert I on 28 June 896 ["Rodulfus vero in ira commotus propter castella perdita, dum depraedari non cessit abbatiam sancti Quintini, ab Heriberto in bello occiditur." Ann. Vedast., s.a. 896, 78; "Rodulfus comes interficitur 4. kal. Iulii." Ann. Bland., s.a. 896, 15: 24; "... qui Heribertus Rodulfum comitem, filium Balduini interfecit nostris temporibus, et non multum post occisus est a Balduino, satellite Balduini, fratris Rodulfi, qui Balduinus hucusque in Flandris ducatum tenet." Regino, s.a. 818 (in a retrospective annal written ca. 906, describing the family of Bernard, son of Pepin of Italy), MGH SS 1: 567]. It was on Raoul's defeat that Heribert obtained the region of Vermandois which gave Heribert's family the name by which it is now commonly known [see Werner (1960), 88-91]. The claim that Raoul was count of Cambrai does not appear in sources until the twelfth century [see Meyer & Longnon (1882), xviii-xix; Vanderkindere (1902), 1: 287; Grierson (1937a), 15, n. 2], and is evidently based on confusion between the present Raoul (enemy of Heribert I) and his kinsman Raoul de Gouy, father of the Raoul who was the historical prototype of the Raoul de Cambrai of romance (and also an enemy of the sons of Heribert II of Vermandois, which no doubt helped to contribute to the confusion between the two) [see Meyer & Longnon (1882), xviii-xix].