Généalogie and Heritage

Source: Foundation for Medieval Genealogy -Edward III, King of England

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Type	Valeur
Titre	Foundation for Medieval Genealogy -Edward III, King of England

Entrées associées à cette source

Personnes
THOMAS of Woodstock 1st Duke of Gloucester HP01 KN01 MS11 WC01 EA01
ANNE of Gloucester HP01 KN01 WC01
EDWARD III King of England and of France and Lord of Ireland HP01 KN01 WC01 EA01

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Windsor", son of EDWARD II King of England & his wife Isabelle de France (Windsor Castle 13 Nov 1312-Sheen Palace, near Richmond, Surrey 21 Jun 1377, bur Westminster Abbey). The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbrook records the birth “die sancti Bricii confessoris apud Wyndesore” 1312 of “ex Isabella regina...tercius Edwardus”[868]. The Continuatio of the Chronicle of Guillaume de Nangis records the birth "circa Natale Domini" in 1312 of "Eduardo regi Angliæ ex conjuge Izabella...filius...Eduardus"[869]. He was created Earl of Chester 24 Nov 1312. Created Comte de Ponthieu et de Montreuil 2 Sep 1325, and Duke of Aquitaine 10 Sep 1325. Elected Keeper of the Realm at an extraordinary council held in Bristol 26 Oct 1326, after his father fled to Wales. He was proclaimed EDWARD III King of England 25 Jan 1327, under the joint regency of his mother and her lover Roger Mortimer Earl of March. Crowned 1 Feb 1327 at Westminster Abbey: the Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbrook records the coronation 1 Feb, 1327 from the context, “apud Westmonasterium” of “Edwardum Edwardi primogenitum quindecim circiter annorum adolescentem”[870]. He overthrew the regents 20 Oct 1330 and assumed personal rule. He formally assumed the title King of France Jan 1340. As a mark of his love of chivalry, he founded the Order of the Garter in 1348. His reign was marked by a successful constitutional balance and the maintenance of generally good relations with the barons. A contemporary memorandum records the death21 Jun 1377 “in manerio suo de Shene” of “dominus Edwardus [rege Angliæ et Franciæ]”[871]. The Annals of Bermondsey record the death “1377…21 Jun” of “rex Edwardus tertius” and his burial “apud Westmonasterium”[872]. [Betrothed ([1320]) to MARGUERITE de Hainaut, daughter of GUILLAUME III "le Bon" Comte de Hainaut [WILLEM III Count of Holland] & his wife Jeanne de Valois (24 Jun 1310-Le Quesnoy 23 Jun 1356, bur Valenciennes). King Edward II requested papal dispensation for the marriage between “Edwardum filium nostrum primogenitum” and “Margaretam filiam...domini W. Hanoniæ, Holandiæ et Selandiæ comitis ac domini Frisiæ” by charter dated 5 Nov 1320[873]. King Edward II wrote to “domino W, Hanoniæ, Hollandiæ et Selandiæ comiti ac domino Frisiæ” requesting his intervention with papal representatives concerning the marriage (“super contrahendo matrimonio”) between “Edwardum filium nostrum primogenitum” and “--- filiam vestram” by charter dated 30 Mar 1321[874]. It is uncertain whether a betrothal was agreed following negotiations for this proposed marriage.] m (1326, Papal dispensation 30 Aug 1327, by proxy Valenciennes 28 Oct 1327, York Minster 24 Jan 1328) PHILIPPA de Hainaut, daughter of GUILLAUME V “le Bon” Comte de Hainaut Count of Holland & his wife Jeanne de Valois (Valencienne or Mons [1313/14]-Windsor Castle 15 Aug 1369, bur Westminster Abbey). The question of Philippa’s birth date has been studied by Bert M. Kamp who concluded that she was born "about 1314", bearing in mind the series of documents which indicate the earlier negotiations for the betrothal of her future husband to her oldest sister Marguerite[875]. The History of Henricus Dapifer de Diessenhoven records that "dominus Ludewicus et rex Anglie et marchio Iuliacensis" had married "tres…sorores…fillies comitis Hannonie sive Hollandie"[876]. Froissart records the marriage in "1327" [presumably O.S.] of "li jones rois Edouwars" and "Phelippe de Hainnau" in "l’eglise cathedral, que on dist de Saint Guillaume", adding that the king was 17 years old and "la joine roine sus le point de quatorze ans"[877]. Assuming that the last passage should be interpreted as meaning that Philippa was nearly, but not yet, 14 years old, it would place her birth in late January or early February 1314. However, the text may not be totally reliable as King Edward would only have been 16 years old at the time of the marriage if his birth is correctly stated as 13 Nov 1312 as shown below. The papal dispensation for the marriage between “Edvardo regi Angliæ” and “Philippæ natæ...Guillielmi comitis Hanoniæ” is dated 30 Aug 1327[878]. She was crowned Queen 2 or 20 Feb 1328 at Westminster Abbey, and again 18 Feb or 4 Mar 1330 at Westminster Abbey. The Chronicon Angliæ records the death “in dia Assumptionis Beatæ Mariæ” of “domina Philippa regina Angliæ” and her burial “apud Westmonasterium”, dated to 1369 from the context[879]. Mistress (1): ([1363/74]) ALICE Perrers née ---, widow of [JOHN] [Janyn] Perrers, daughter of --- (-1400). “Johan de Kendale de Londres taillour” complained that “monseigneur William Wyndesore et Alice sa femme” had wrongfully withheld money from the price of cloth bought by Alice “en Grascherchestrate de Londres al feste de Nativite de Seint Johan le Baptiste lan de regne seigneur Edward xxxiiii” [24 Jun 1360][880]. “Johan de Kendale” requested the king to order “Alice Perers” to pay for cloth bought by “Janyn Perers iadiz baroun la dite Alice qi executrice ele” in “lan...seigneur Edward vostre aiel xxxiiii” [1360][881]. She was the king's mistress from [1363] until his death. The Chronicon Angliæ records that the king fell in love “adhuc vivente regina” with “in Anglia...mulier impudica, meretrix procacissima...Alicia cognomento Perrys, genere infima...cujusdam de villa de Henneye fuerat filia...pellice cujusdam [Lumbardi]” (with other uncomplimentary descriptions of her character)[882]. After KingEdward III's death, she was tried for corruption, banished and her goods forfeited. She married secondly ([10 Dec 1374/Apr 1376]) William de Wyndesore, Governor of Ireland, who was summoned to Parliament from 1381 whereby he is held to have become Lord Wyndesore[883]. The Chronicon Angliæ records that “Alicia cognomento Perrys” was found in 1376 to have married “domino Willelmo de Windeshore qui tunc in Hibernia morabatur”, the king declaring that he knew nothing of the marriage[884]. The will of "Alice widow of William Wyndesor Knight", dated 15 Aug 1400, chose burial “in the parish church of Upmynster”, bequeathed property to “Joane my younger daughter my manor of Gaynes in Upminster...Jane and Joane my daughters all my other manors...which John Wyndsore or others have by his consent usurped”, and appointed “Joane my youngest daughter...” among her executors[885]. King Edward III & his wife had thirteen children: 1. EDWARD "of Woodstock" (Woodstock Palace, Oxfordshire 15 Jun 1330-Palace of Westminster 8 Jun 1376, bur Canterbury Cathedral, Kent). 2. ISABELLA (Woodstock Palace, Oxfordshire 16 Feb or [Mar] or 16 Jun [1332 or 1334]-[15 Mar/4 May] 1379 or [17 Jun/5 Oct] 1382, bur Greyfriars Church, Newgate, London). 3. JOAN (Woodstock Palace, Oxfordshire [Feb] [1334/35]-Loremo, Bordeaux of the Black Death 2 Sep 1348, bur Loremo or Bordeaux or Bayonne Cathedral). 4. WILLIAM "of Hatfield" (Hatfield, Yorkshire [1336]-Hatfield Yorkshire before 3 Mar 1337, bur York Minster.) 5. LIONEL "of Antwerp" (Antwerp 29 Nov 1338-Alba, Piémont 17 Oct 1368, bur Pavia, later removed to Clare Priory, Suffolk). 6. JOHN "of Gaunt" (St Bavon’s Abbey, Ghent [Feb/Mar] 1340-[Leicester Castle or Ely Place, Holborn, London] ¾ Feb 1399, bur Old St Paul’s Cathedral, London) 7. EDMUND "of Langley" (Abbot’s Langley, Hertfordshire 5 Jun 1341-King’s Langley, Hertfordshire 1 Aug 1402, bur King’s Langley, Church of the Dominican Friars). 8. BLANCHE (Tower of London [1342]-Tower of London [1342], bur Westminster Abbey). 9. MARY (Waltham, near Winchester, Hampshire 10 Oct 1344-1362 after 25 Dec, bur Abingdon Abbey, Oxfordshire). 10. MARGARET (Calais or Windsor Castle 20 Jul 1346-soon after 1 Oct 1361, bur Abingdon Abbey, Oxfordshire). 11. THOMAS "of Windsor" (Windsor Castle Summer 1347-[1348]), bur King’s Langley Church, Hertfordshire). 12. WILLIAM "of Windsor" (Windsor Castle before 24 Jun 1348-before 5 Sep 1348, bur Westminster Abbey). 13. THOMAS "of Woodstock" (Woodstock Palace, Oxfordshire 7 Jan 1356-murdered Prince’s Inn, Calais 8/9 Sep 1397, bur Pleshy, Essex, Collegiate Church of the Holy Trinity) King Edward had three illegitimate children by Mistress (1): 14. JOHN de Southeray ([1364/65]-after 1383). 15. JANE . Given-Wilson & Curteis name "Joan Skerne" and “Jane Northland” as illegitimate children of King Edward III[986]. 16. JOAN (-before Jan 1431). Given-Wilson & Curteis name "Joan Skerne" and “Jane Northland” as illegitimate children of King Edward III[989].

Windsor", son of EDWARD II King of England & his wife Isabelle de France (Windsor Castle 13 Nov 1312-Sheen Palace, near Richmond, Surrey 21 Jun 1377, bur Westminster Abbey). The Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbrook records the birth “die sancti Bricii confessoris apud Wyndesore” 1312 of “ex Isabella regina...tercius Edwardus”[868]. The Continuatio of the Chronicle of Guillaume de Nangis records the birth "circa Natale Domini" in 1312 of "Eduardo regi Angliæ ex conjuge Izabella...filius...Eduardus"[869]. He was created Earl of Chester 24 Nov 1312. Created Comte de Ponthieu et de Montreuil 2 Sep 1325, and Duke of Aquitaine 10 Sep 1325. Elected Keeper of the Realm at an extraordinary council held in Bristol 26 Oct 1326, after his father fled to Wales. He was proclaimed EDWARD III King of England 25 Jan 1327, under the joint regency of his mother and her lover Roger Mortimer Earl of March. Crowned 1 Feb 1327 at Westminster Abbey: the Chronicle of Geoffrey le Baker of Swinbrook records the coronation 1 Feb, 1327 from the context, “apud Westmonasterium” of “Edwardum Edwardi primogenitum quindecim circiter annorum adolescentem”[870]. He overthrew the regents 20 Oct 1330 and assumed personal rule. He formally assumed the title King of France Jan 1340. As a mark of his love of chivalry, he founded the Order of the Garter in 1348. His reign was marked by a successful constitutional balance and the maintenance of generally good relations with the barons. A contemporary memorandum records the death21 Jun 1377 “in manerio suo de Shene” of “dominus Edwardus [rege Angliæ et Franciæ]”[871]. The Annals of Bermondsey record the death “1377…21 Jun” of “rex Edwardus tertius” and his burial “apud Westmonasterium”[872].

[Betrothed ([1320]) to MARGUERITE de Hainaut, daughter of GUILLAUME III "le Bon" Comte de Hainaut [WILLEM III Count of Holland] & his wife Jeanne de Valois (24 Jun 1310-Le Quesnoy 23 Jun 1356, bur Valenciennes). King Edward II requested papal dispensation for the marriage between “Edwardum filium nostrum primogenitum” and “Margaretam filiam...domini W. Hanoniæ, Holandiæ et Selandiæ comitis ac domini Frisiæ” by charter dated 5 Nov 1320[873]. King Edward II wrote to “domino W, Hanoniæ, Hollandiæ et Selandiæ comiti ac domino Frisiæ” requesting his intervention with papal representatives concerning the marriage (“super contrahendo matrimonio”) between “Edwardum filium nostrum primogenitum” and “--- filiam vestram” by charter dated 30 Mar 1321[874]. It is uncertain whether a betrothal was agreed following negotiations for this proposed marriage.]

m (1326, Papal dispensation 30 Aug 1327, by proxy Valenciennes 28 Oct 1327, York Minster 24 Jan 1328) PHILIPPA de Hainaut, daughter of GUILLAUME V “le Bon” Comte de Hainaut Count of Holland & his wife Jeanne de Valois (Valencienne or Mons [1313/14]-Windsor Castle 15 Aug 1369, bur Westminster Abbey). The question of Philippa’s birth date has been studied by Bert M. Kamp who concluded that she was born "about 1314", bearing in mind the series of documents which indicate the earlier negotiations for the betrothal of her future husband to her oldest sister Marguerite[875]. The History of Henricus Dapifer de Diessenhoven records that "dominus Ludewicus et rex Anglie et marchio Iuliacensis" had married "tres…sorores…fillies comitis Hannonie sive Hollandie"[876]. Froissart records the marriage in "1327" [presumably O.S.] of "li jones rois Edouwars" and "Phelippe de Hainnau" in "l’eglise cathedral, que on dist de Saint Guillaume", adding that the king was 17 years old and "la joine roine sus le point de quatorze ans"[877]. Assuming that the last passage should be interpreted as meaning that Philippa was nearly, but not yet, 14 years old, it would place her birth in late January or early February 1314. However, the text may not be totally reliable as King Edward would only have been 16 years old at the time of the marriage if his birth is correctly stated as 13 Nov 1312 as shown below. The papal dispensation for the marriage between “Edvardo regi Angliæ” and “Philippæ natæ...Guillielmi comitis Hanoniæ” is dated 30 Aug 1327[878]. She was crowned Queen 2 or 20 Feb 1328 at Westminster Abbey, and again 18 Feb or 4 Mar 1330 at Westminster Abbey. The Chronicon Angliæ records the death “in dia Assumptionis Beatæ Mariæ” of “domina Philippa regina Angliæ” and her burial “apud Westmonasterium”, dated to 1369 from the context[879].

Mistress (1): ([1363/74]) ALICE Perrers née ---, widow of [JOHN] [Janyn] Perrers, daughter of --- (-1400). “Johan de Kendale de Londres taillour” complained that “monseigneur William Wyndesore et Alice sa femme” had wrongfully withheld money from the price of cloth bought by Alice “en Grascherchestrate de Londres al feste de Nativite de Seint Johan le Baptiste lan de regne seigneur Edward xxxiiii” [24 Jun 1360][880]. “Johan de Kendale” requested the king to order “Alice Perers” to pay for cloth bought by “Janyn Perers iadiz baroun la dite Alice qi executrice ele” in “lan...seigneur Edward vostre aiel xxxiiii” [1360][881]. She was the king's mistress from [1363] until his death. The Chronicon Angliæ records that the king fell in love “adhuc vivente regina” with “in Anglia...mulier impudica, meretrix procacissima...Alicia cognomento Perrys, genere infima...cujusdam de villa de Henneye fuerat filia...pellice cujusdam [Lumbardi]” (with other uncomplimentary descriptions of her character)[882]. After KingEdward III's death, she was tried for corruption, banished and her goods forfeited. She married secondly ([10 Dec 1374/Apr 1376]) William de Wyndesore, Governor of Ireland, who was summoned to Parliament from 1381 whereby he is held to have become Lord Wyndesore[883]. The Chronicon Angliæ records that “Alicia cognomento Perrys” was found in 1376 to have married “domino Willelmo de Windeshore qui tunc in Hibernia morabatur”, the king declaring that he knew nothing of the marriage[884]. The will of "Alice widow of William Wyndesor Knight", dated 15 Aug 1400, chose burial “in the parish church of Upmynster”, bequeathed property to “Joane my younger daughter my manor of Gaynes in Upminster...Jane and Joane my daughters all my other manors...which John Wyndsore or others have by his consent usurped”, and appointed “Joane my youngest daughter...” among her executors[885].

King Edward III & his wife had thirteen children:

1. EDWARD "of Woodstock" (Woodstock Palace, Oxfordshire 15 Jun 1330-Palace of Westminster 8 Jun 1376, bur Canterbury Cathedral, Kent).
2. ISABELLA (Woodstock Palace, Oxfordshire 16 Feb or [Mar] or 16 Jun [1332 or 1334]-[15 Mar/4 May] 1379 or [17 Jun/5 Oct] 1382, bur Greyfriars Church, Newgate, London).
3. JOAN (Woodstock Palace, Oxfordshire [Feb] [1334/35]-Loremo, Bordeaux of the Black Death 2 Sep 1348, bur Loremo or Bordeaux or Bayonne Cathedral).
4. WILLIAM "of Hatfield" (Hatfield, Yorkshire [1336]-Hatfield Yorkshire before 3 Mar 1337, bur York Minster.)
5. LIONEL "of Antwerp" (Antwerp 29 Nov 1338-Alba, Piémont 17 Oct 1368, bur Pavia, later removed to Clare Priory, Suffolk).
6. JOHN "of Gaunt" (St Bavon’s Abbey, Ghent [Feb/Mar] 1340-[Leicester Castle or Ely Place, Holborn, London] ¾ Feb 1399, bur Old St Paul’s Cathedral, London)
7. EDMUND "of Langley" (Abbot’s Langley, Hertfordshire 5 Jun 1341-King’s Langley, Hertfordshire 1 Aug 1402, bur King’s Langley, Church of the Dominican Friars).
8. BLANCHE (Tower of London [1342]-Tower of London [1342], bur Westminster Abbey).
9. MARY (Waltham, near Winchester, Hampshire 10 Oct 1344-1362 after 25 Dec, bur Abingdon Abbey, Oxfordshire).
10. MARGARET (Calais or Windsor Castle 20 Jul 1346-soon after 1 Oct 1361, bur Abingdon Abbey, Oxfordshire).
11. THOMAS "of Windsor" (Windsor Castle Summer 1347-[1348]), bur King’s Langley Church, Hertfordshire).
12. WILLIAM "of Windsor" (Windsor Castle before 24 Jun 1348-before 5 Sep 1348, bur Westminster Abbey).
13. THOMAS "of Woodstock" (Woodstock Palace, Oxfordshire 7 Jan 1356-murdered Prince’s Inn, Calais 8/9 Sep 1397, bur Pleshy, Essex, Collegiate Church of the Holy Trinity)

King Edward had three illegitimate children by Mistress (1):

14. JOHN de Southeray ([1364/65]-after 1383).
15. JANE . Given-Wilson & Curteis name "Joan Skerne" and “Jane Northland” as illegitimate children of King Edward III[986].
16. JOAN (-before Jan 1431). Given-Wilson & Curteis name "Joan Skerne" and “Jane Northland” as illegitimate children of King Edward III[989].